PRESENTAZIONE

The course deals with the most relevant topics relating to the main fluid machines with particular reference to those applied to transportation sector.

OBIETTIVI E CONTENUTI

OBIETTIVI FORMATIVI

The aim of the course is to provide an adequate and critical knowledge on the main fluid machines (such as turbines, compressors, pumps, and internal combustion engines) with particular reference to those applied to transportation sector, taking into account energy-related and environmental issues. Innovative propulsion systems (hybrid propulsion systems and the application of fuel cells to road vehicles propulsion) and the use of alternative fuels (NG, LPG, hydrogen and biofuels) will be also deepened.

MODALITA' DIDATTICHE

Lectures on the different items presented in the course programme and exercises on specific arguments developed within the course.

PROGRAMMA/CONTENUTO

Lectures

• General remarks on fluid machines – Fluid machines classification – Work exchange in volumetric machines and turbomachines – Conversion efficiency in fluid machines
• Compressors and pumps – Positive displacement and dynamic compressors – Compressor insertion in a circuit – Characteristic curves - Positive displacement and dynamic pumps – Pumps operative problems: operating point and flow regulation, series and parallel operation, pump priming, surge and cavitation.

• Internal Combustion Engines (ICE) – ICE classification, engine components, nomenclature, operational parameters – Ideal and real operation of 2 and 4 stroke engines – Reference thermodynamic cycles for SI and diesel engines – Combustion processes in ICE – Indicated diagrams, indicated and brake mean effective pressure, engine power correlations – Engine part load operation – Constant speed and constant load curves, engine performance maps – Supercharging and turbocharging – ICE pollutant emissions – Emission control systems and aftertreatment devices (exhaust gas recirculation, catalytic converter, particulate filter) – Normalized test procedures for vehicle emissions determination, European emission limits.

• Alternative fuels – Conventional gaseous fuels (NG, LPG): problems, energy-related, operating and economic issues, effect on exhaust emissions – Hydrogen and hydrogen-methane mixtures for thermal engine powertrains – Biofuels: types, legislation, production techniques, effects on fuel consumption and exhaust emissions – Well-to-wheel energy analysis and CO2 emission overall balance.
• Innovative propulsion systems – Fuel cell application to propulsion systems: general overview on the electrochemical conversion process, fuel cell types and characteristics, operating problems, performance, energy and emissive balance, applications, technical and economic issues, future developments. - Electric propulsion: advantages/disadvantages, performance, operating range, costs, energy storage devices characteristics - Hybrid propulsion: hybrid system configurations, hybrid categories (start-&-stop, micro, mild, full hybrid systems), characteristics and limits of operating configurations, production vehicles, global energy and emissive balance, future developments.

Practice

• Calculation of compressors, pumps and internal combustion engines operating parameters.
• Measurements of turbomachines and internal combustion engines characteristic curves.

TESTI/BIBLIOGRAFIA

• S. Marelli: “Macchine e sistemi propulsivi” – Notes to the course (in Italian).
• R. Della Volpe – Macchine – Liguori, 2011.
• S.L.Dixon - Fluid Mechanics Thermodynamics of Turbomachinery - Pergamon Press, 2005.
• G. Ferrari – Motori a Combustione Interna – Il Capitello, 2005.
• C.R. Ferguson, A.T. Kirkpatrick - Internal Combustion Engines - Wiley, 2001.

DOCENTI E COMMISSIONI

Commissione d'esame

MASSIMO CAPOBIANCO (Presidente)

SILVIA MARELLI (Presidente)

GIORGIO ZAMBONI

LEZIONI

Orari delle lezioni

L'orario di questo insegnamento è consultabile all'indirizzo: Portale EasyAcademy

ESAMI

MODALITA' D'ESAME

Oral exam.

MODALITA' DI ACCERTAMENTO

Oral test.

Calendario appelli

ALTRE INFORMAZIONI

• Pre-requisites:

  - Basic thermodynamic and fluid dynamics knowledge.