CODICE 60157 ANNO ACCADEMICO 2020/2021 CFU 12 cfu anno 2 INGEGNERIA ELETTRICA 8731 (LM-28) - GENOVA SETTORE SCIENTIFICO DISCIPLINARE ING-INF/07 LINGUA Italiano (Inglese a richiesta) SEDE GENOVA PERIODO Annuale MATERIALE DIDATTICO AULAWEB PRESENTAZIONE Inquadramento della strumentazione per le misure dei parametri elettrici e fisici necessari per la supervisione ed il controllo dei processi industriali nell’ambito più vasto della Automazione Industriale. Introduzione dei concetti essenziali di comunicazione digitale e di fieldbus per applicazioni industriali (con approfondimento su protocolli Profinet e IEC 61850). Il concetto di Intelligent Field Device e di automazione distribuita. Cenni su Industria 4.0. OBIETTIVI E CONTENUTI OBIETTIVI FORMATIVI Le misure nel contesto dell'automazione industriale. Misure elettriche e di processo. Strumentazione e attuatori. Architettura dei sistemi di acquisizione dati e di automazione. Programmazione di PLC. Comunicazione industriale: fieldbus. Norme di riferimento. Sicurezza funzionale. Aree con pericolo di esplosione. MODALITA' DIDATTICHE - lezioni frontali - esercitazioni e prove pratiche - visite a impianti PROGRAMMA/CONTENUTO Instrumentation for the Industrial Automation 1 Conceptual model of the Industrial Automation .a) measurement and control -> accuracy and repetibility .b) process – instrumentation – control – actuators .c) the role of Computer Engineer 2 Goal of the automation in different areas .a) Continuous Process -> regolation -> DCS .b) Factory Automation -> sequences -> PLC .c) Service Networks -> supervision -> SCADA .d) Building Automation -> supervision -> SCADA 4 Conceptual model of a Transmitter .a) sensor -> processing -> signal .b) microprocessor-based instruments .c) axiliary power supply (summary) 5 Actuators .a) on-off electric: relays and motor starters .b) on-off pneumatic: electro-valve .c) continuous electric: drives .d) continuous pneumatic: actuators and positioners for valves 6 Standard signals (analog and digital) .a) on/off signal (SPDT) .b) current/voltage signals .c) signals with live-zero .d) instruments with 2/4-wires 7 The concept of Fieldbus .a) A/D conversions .b) network of devices in field: the fieldbus .c) reduction of cabling .d) the need of a standard 2 The Project of an Automation System 1 Data-flow and People .a) process expert and automation expert .b) functional specifications 2 P&ID .a) ISA symbols for instrumentation .b) Process & Instrumentation Diagram 3 The I/O List .a) goal of the I/O list .b) typical I/O list 3 Electrical measures in industrial environment 1 One-Line diagram .a) which variable to measure .b) measuring the Power Quality 2 PTs and CTs .a) CT for masures and protection .b) the limit factor for CTs .c) PTs for measures and protection .d) fiscal measuring (the MID Directive) 3 Multi-functions transducers .a) block diagram of a digital instrument .b) typical accuracy .c) output signals and interfaces 4 Measurement of Temperature 1 Generalità .a) measuring units .b) thermometers: operating principles .c) thermostats: operating principles 2 Resistance Temperature Detectors (RTD) .a) operating principles .b) standards and accuracy .c) problems with installation 3 Thermocouples (TC) .a) operating principles .b) standards and accuracy .c) problems with installation 4 Other sensors .a) thermistors .b) pirometers .c) innovative sensors (optic, acustic, ...) 5 Installation of the Instruments .a) construction shapes .b) thermo-wells 5 Measurement of Pressure 1 Generalità .a) measuring units .b) absolute-relative-differential pressure .c) manometers: operating principles .d) pressure switches: operating principles 2 Sensors for pressure .a) strain gauge .b) piezo-electric .c) capacitive .d) other sensors: resonant, optic, ... 3 Installation of the Instruments .a) root valves and piping .b) manifolds 6 Measurement of Flow 1 General .a) flow measurement for solids and fluids .b) flowmeters: operating principles .c) flow-switches: operating principles 2 Volumetric systems .a) gears .b) turbines .c) target type .d) Rangeability and reliability 3 Restricted area devices .a) the Law of Bernoulli .b) pressure profile .c) primary elements: flanges, nozzles, venturi-pipes, pitot-pipes .d) installation problems 4 Magnetic flowmeters .a) the Faraday Law .b) structure of a mag flowmeter .c) accuracy and rangeability .d) sizing and installation 5 Vortex transmitter .a) The vortexes of Von Karman .b) structure of a vortex flowmeter .c) accuracy and rangeability .d) sizing and installation 6 Mass flowmeter .a) the concept of mass-flow .b) The law of Coriolis .c) accuracy and rangeability .d) sizing and installation 7 Other sensors for flow-metering .a) ultrasonic .b) thermal mass 7 Measurement of Level 1 General .a) levels of bulk material and liquids .b) gauge and switch 2 Electro-mechanical systems .a) glass indicators .b) measuring rods and ropes .c) flow sensors .d) rotating blades .e) vibration sensors .f) jo-jo sensors .g) torque bar .h) conductive sensors 3 Hydrostatic pressure transmitters .a) physical priciple .b) pressurized and atmospheric tanks .c) installation criteria .d) submerged probe 4 Capacitive transmitters .a) physical priciple .b) shapes and materials .c) installation criteria 5 Fly-time measuring systems .a) ultrasonic transmitters .b) micro-waves transmitters .c) areas of application .d) installation criteria 6 Radioactive transmitters (summary) .a) physical principle .b) typical applications 8 Fieldbus for Process Control 1 Intelligent Field Device .a) the concept of IFD .b) advanced functions of IFD .c) Smart instruments (Hart protocol) 2 The concept of Communication Protocol .a) the ISO/OSI model .b) physical layer .c) data link: data structure .d) data link: Media Access Control .e) transportation and networking (TCP/IP) .f) application layer .g) the companion standards (profiles) 3 Internation standards for fieldbus .a) from the beginnings to the IEC 61158 .b) standards for fieldbus todays .c) Ethernet-based protocols 4 Basic priciples of Profibus .a) Profibus DP: principles and applications .b) Profibus PA: principles and applications .c) Specific profiles: ProfiSafe, ProfiDrive, ProfiEnergy .d) Profinet 5 Basic principles of Foundation Fieldbus .a) level H1 and HSE .b) Link Active Scheduler .c) FF and distributed programming 7 Wireless Sensor Networks .a) industrial applications for wireless .b) IEEE 802.11: WiFi .c) IEEE 802.15: Bluetooth .d) IEEE 802.15.4: ZigBee .e) hybrid architectures (gateway) 9 Automation Systems and Architectures 1 The levels of automation .a) multi-levels architectures: from the field to the control room .b) distributed vs. concentrated architettures .c) ERP and MES (summary) .d) Internet: problems of security 2 Operating principles of PLC/DCS/SCADA .a) HW components: CPU, I/O cards, Power Supply, ... .b) functional cyucles 3 IEC 61131-3 programming languages .a) origin and use of the IEC 61131-3 .b) ladder diagram .c) instruction list .d) structured text .e) function block language .f) Sequencial Function Chart .g) PC-based architectures 4 OLE for Process Control .a) interface between applications and controllers .b) the benefits of OPC .c) future deveolpment (OPC-UA) 5 Hazardous Areas classification (ATEX) .a) flammable materials and explosions .b) The ATEX Directive .c) classification for gas and dust .d) safety electrical plants 6 Functional Safety (SIL) .a) The concept of functional safety .b) The IEC 60508 .c) SIL and automation architectures 10 Automation of electrical systems 1 Automation functions for distribution systems HV/MV/LV .a) supervision and remote control .b) switch-over and emergency logics .c) conventional architectures 2 Intelligent Electrical Device .a) digital protective relays .b) advanced functions of digital relays 3 A primer about IEC 61850 .a) origins of the IEC 61850 .b) the concept of logical node .c) GOMSFE and GSE .d) distributed automation with IEC 61850 TESTI/BIBLIOGRAFIA Riferimenti bibliografici: [1] A. Brunelli : “Strumentazione di misura e controllo nelle applicazioni industriali” Ed. GISI, 2002, ISBN 88-903-7314-8 [2] L.A. Bryan, E.A. Bryan: “Programmable Controllers – Theory and Implementation”, ISBN 0-944107-32-X [3] N.P.Mahalik (a cura di), “Fieldbus Technology – Industrial Network Standards for Real-Time Distributed Control”, ISBN 3-540-40183-0 [4] F.Cascetta (a cura di), “Strumentazione di misura per sistemi di telecontrollo di reti idriche di pubblica utilità”, ISBN 88-464-1565-5 [5] P.Pinceti, “SCADA per sistemi elettrici”, ISBN 88-464-4991-6 [6] P.Pinceti, “L’impianto di distribuzione in Media Tensione”, ISBN 978-88-904026-0-9 [7] ASEM, “Personal Automation – L’automazione industriale basata su PC”, ISBN 88-481-1475-X [8] J.Berge, “Fieldbuses for Process Control”, ISBN 1556177607 Siti Web utili: [1] www.isa.org [2] www.iec.ch [3] www.ieee.org [4] www.gisi.it [5] www.anie.it [6] www.assoautomazione.it [7] www.control.com [8] www.opcfoundation.org [9] www.profibus.com [10] www.fieldbus.org Riviste del settore: [1] Automazione e Strumentazione [2] Fieldbus e Network [3] InTech [4] Control Engineering [5] IEEE Instrumentation & Measurements [6] Eidos [7] Automazione Oggi [8] Tutto Misure DOCENTI E COMMISSIONI PAOLO PINCETI Ricevimento: Q&A on-line attraverso aulaweb Incontri su appuntamento Commissione d'esame PAOLO PINCETI (Presidente) MICAELA CASERZA MAGRO MAURIZIO VANTI RICCARDO BOZZO (Presidente Supplente) LEZIONI INIZIO LEZIONI come da calendario didattico Orari delle lezioni L'orario di questo insegnamento è consultabile all'indirizzo: Portale EasyAcademy ESAMI MODALITA' D'ESAME Scritto: 9 domande con risposta breve. Ciascuna risposta vale fino a 3 punti. Durante l'anno gli studenti possono realizzare fino a due progetti/ricerche autonomi. Ciascuna attività vale fino a 3 punti. Calendario appelli Data appello Orario Luogo Tipologia Note 12/01/2021 10:00 GENOVA Scritto 09/02/2021 10:00 GENOVA Scritto 08/06/2021 10:00 GENOVA Scritto 22/06/2021 10:00 GENOVA Scritto 06/07/2021 10:00 GENOVA Scritto 20/07/2021 10:00 GENOVA Scritto 02/09/2021 10:00 GENOVA Scritto