AIMS AND CONTENT

LEARNING OUTCOMES

The course aims to provide the students with fundamentals of Energy Systems with an approach starting from basic thermodynamics. The main objective regards the comprehension skill and preliminary calculations for the main energy systems: steam plants, turbogas plants, internal combustion engines and combined cycles.

TEACHING METHODS

Classroom lessons and exercises.

SYLLABUS/CONTENT

• Worldwide and Italian energy demand and the energy sources. Machine classifications.
• Fossil (and renewable) fuels; the combustion; stoichiometric air; air excess.
• Basic thermodynamics: the first principle for closed and open systems; the perfect gas; thermodynamic transformations; enthalpy function; the thermodynamic second principle and the entropy function; the Carnot’s cycle and its efficiency. The steam, the T,S and H,S charts. Calculation of steam thermodynamic functions.
• Efficiency parameters: ideal, limit and real cycles; adiabatic and polytropic efficiency; global efficiency and auxiliary impact.
• Steam cycles and related plants: efficiency; methods to increase steam cycle efficiency; regeneration; thermal balance; circuit general aspects; main components.
• Gas cycles: turbogas technology; ideal, limit and real cycles for the simple layout; ideal cycle efficiency; maximum useful work; efficiency of limit and real cycles. Work-Efficiency chart; the main turbogas components; the recuperated cycle (ideal and real) and its performance; intercooled cycle (ideal and real); reheated cycle (ideal and real). Aspects on aeronautic gas turbines.
• Combined cycles: aspects on combined cycle types; the recovery steam generator (one pressure level), the pinch-point and subcooling values; the optimal vaporization pressure for a one pressure level; combined cycle efficiency.
• The internal combustion engines (ICEs): basic aspects and classification; geometry parameters; working cycles for two and four strokes; ideal cycles and their efficiency; comparison between the cycles; limit and real cycles; the indicated cycle; aspects related to the engine/user coupling; the ICE regulation; ICE emissions; supercharging.
• Characteristic curves of the main fluid machines: compressor, turbine, pump (series and parallel pump coupling).
• Fundamentals of control aspects for energy systems: types and real applications.

RECOMMENDED READING/BIBLIOGRAPHY

Della Volpe R., “Macchine”, Liguori Editore.

TEACHERS AND EXAM BOARD

Exam Board

MARIO LUIGI FERRARI (President)

ALESSANDRO SORCE (President)

LOREDANA MAGISTRI

ARISTIDE MASSARDO

ALBERTO TRAVERSO

LESSONS

Class schedule

ENERGY SYSTEMS 1

EXAMS

EXAM DESCRIPTION

Oral exam (final).

ASSESSMENT METHODS

• Knowledge of thermodynamics and reference cycles.
• Capability to calculate energy system performance focusing attention on the efficiency.

Exam schedule