OVERVIEW

Basic course on energy systems.

AIMS AND CONTENT

LEARNING OUTCOMES

The course purpose is to provide students with technical and methodological instruments for analysis, control and management of energy systems, analyzing their behaviour at design and off-design conditions, including dynamic aspects and their impact at both local and global level.

TEACHING METHODS

Classroom lessons (48 hours) and exercises (12 hours).

SYLLABUS/CONTENT

• Worldwide and Italian energy demand and the energy sources. Machine classifications.
• Fossil (and renewable) fuels; the combustion; stoichiometric air; air excess.
• Thermodynamic aspects: T,S and H,S charts, Carnot's cycle and its efficiency.
• Efficiency parameters: ideal, limit and real cycles; adiabatic and polytropic efficiency; global efficiency and auxiliary impact.
• Steam cycles and related plants: efficiency; methods to increase steam cycle efficiency; regeneration; thermal balance; circuit general aspects; main components. Regulation of steam turbines and aspects on nuclear power plants.
• Wind turbines: basic aspects and Betz's analysis.
• Gas cycles: turbogas technology; ideal, limit and real cycles for the simple layout; ideal cycle efficiency; maximum useful work; efficiency of limit and real cycles. Work-Efficiency chart; heavy-duty and aereoderivative turbines; the main turbogas components; the recuperated cycle (ideal and real) and its performance; intercooled cycle (ideal and real); reheated cycle (ideal and real). Aspects on aeronautic gas turbines.
• Combined cycles: aspects on combined cycle types; the recovery steam generator (one pressure level), the pinch-point and subcooling values; the optimal vaporization pressure for a one pressure level; combined cycle efficiency.
• The internal combustion engines (ICEs): basic aspects and classification; geometry parameters; working cycles for two and four strokes; ideal cycles and their efficiency; comparison between the cycles; limit and real cycles; the indicated cycle; aspects related to the engine/user coupling; the ICE regulation; ICE emissions; supercharging.
• Characteristic curves of the main fluid machines: compressor, turbine, pump (series and parallel pump coupling).
• Hydraulic machines: hydraulic energy, plant types, maximum theoretical power, turbine types, turbine selection (Pelton, Francis and Kaplan turbines).

RECOMMENDED READING/BIBLIOGRAPHY

• O. Acton, C. Caputo, "Macchine a fluido", UTET
• R. Della Volpe, “Macchine”, Liguori Editore

TEACHERS AND EXAM BOARD

Exam Board

MARIO LUIGI FERRARI (President)

ALESSANDRO SORCE (President)

LOREDANA MAGISTRI

ARISTIDE MASSARDO

ALBERTO TRAVERSO

LESSONS

EXAMS

EXAM DESCRIPTION

Oral exam (final).

ASSESSMENT METHODS

Oral questions.

Exam schedule