AIMS AND CONTENT

LEARNING OUTCOMES

The course presents the current situation related to energy generation plants (traditional and innovative
plants) with special attention to pollutant emission decrease and conversion efficiency increase.
In the field of the course topics, aspects will be developed on alternative fuel utilization, component and plant
performance, their environmental impact and current technological and economic aspects.

AIMS AND LEARNING OUTCOMES

The attendance and active participation at the proposed teaching activities (lessons and exercises) and the individual study will allow the student to:

- know the basic aspects related to fossil emissions of energy systems with particular attention devoted to the combustors;

- know basic concepts on modelling techniques for energy systems;

- know and analyse the typologies of wind generation systems;

- know advanced details on the internal combustion engines (maps, regulations, supercharging, etc.).

TEACHING METHODS

The course is composed of: 48 hours including classroom lessons, exercises and laboratory visits. The exercise hours will be carried out with the following approach: summary introduction on the contents related to the classroom lessons and development of exercises.

SYLLABUS/CONTENT

Combustion and pollutants formation processes

Conventional fuels and their specifications. Air required for combustion, air-fuel ratio and fuel heating value. General aspects and classifications of combustion processes. Pollutants formation processes and their effects on human health and environment.

Boilers and steam generators: fundamentals and components

Historical hints. Boiler classification and components. Thermal balance and heat transfer in boilers. Innovative concepts: boiler Once-Through and super-critical. Example of steam locomotive.

Combined cycles and cogeneration

Combined gas and steam cycles. Heat recovery steam generator. High efficiency cogeneration and district heating. Biomass boilers for district heating.

Pollutant emissions and abatement technologies in energy systems

Pollutant types, properties and measurement units. Pollutant prevention techniques applied to gas turbine combustors. SOx abatement systems. NOx abatement systems.

Modelling and simulation of energy systems

Lumped-parameter and modular simulation models. Numerical analysis of energy systems. Practical exercise with WTEMP software.

Wind energy

Horizontal and vertical axis wind generators. Wind assessment, wind park energy production estimation. Environmental impact of wind mills.

Internal combustion engines (ICE)

ICE classifications and applications. Indicated diagrams, indicated and brake mean effective pressure. Engine power correlations. Combustion processes in spark ignition and compression ignition engines. Constant speed and constant load curves, engine performance maps. ICE supercharging and turbocharging. ICE generator sets. Heat recovery in Diesel engines. Cogeneration plants based on biogas fuelled ICE. Use of bioethanol and biodiesel in ICE: operational issues, influence on performance and emissions. Environmental impact of internal combustion engines.

RECOMMENDED READING/BIBLIOGRAPHY

All the slides used during the lessons and other teaching materials will be available on aul@web. In general, lesson notes and the aul@web teaching materials are enough for the exam preparation.

The following books are suggested as support:

• S.L. Dixon,  Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics of Turbomachinery – Elsevier.

• G. Lozza - Turbine a gas e cicli combinati - Progetto Leonardo

• S. Kakac, Boilers Evaporators, and Condensers, John Wiley & Sons Inc., 1991.

• A. H. Lefebvre - Gas Turbine Combustion - Hemisphere.

• O. Acton, C. Caputo, Introduzione allo Studio delle Macchine, UTET, Torino, 1979.

• O. Acton, C. Caputo, Turbomacchine, UTET, Torino, 1986.

• O. Acton, C. Caputo, Impianti motori, UTET, Torino, 1992.

• G. Cornetti, F. Millo, Macchine Termiche, Il Capitello, 2006.

• G. Ferrari, Motori a combustione interna, Il Capitello, 2008.

TEACHERS AND EXAM BOARD

Exam Board

MARIO LUIGI FERRARI (President)

RENATO PROCOPIO (President)

GIORGIO ZAMBONI (President)

LOREDANA MAGISTRI

ALBERTO TRAVERSO

LESSONS

LESSONS START

First week of the second semester.

Class schedule

SYSTEMS FOR ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT

EXAMS

EXAM DESCRIPTION

The exam is composed of an oral test on all the topics presented and discussed during the course (exercises included).

2/3 exam days will be available in the winter session and 3/4 for the summer session (verify on the web tool https://servizionline.unige.it/studenti/esami/prenotazione). No additional exam days will be carried out, except for the students that terminated their lessons for the undergraduate course. So, these students can contact the teachers by e-mail (mario.ferrari@unige.it or alessandro.sorce@unige.it) to fix a possible exceptional exam day.

To participate at this oral test, it is necessary to do the registration (at least 2 days in advance) on the web tool https://servizionline.unige.it/studenti/esami/prenotazione.

ASSESSMENT METHODS

The exam will be carried out with oral questions that can be supported by writing (on the blackboard or a paper sheet).

The details on the exam preparation and on the analysis of each topic will be provided during the lessons.

The exam will evaluate not only the student's knowledge, but also the analysis capability of energy system problems and the presentation with a right terminology.

Exam schedule

FURTHER INFORMATION

Pre-requisites :

None