AIMS AND CONTENT

AIMS AND LEARNING OUTCOMES

The main aim of the course is to provide students with basic knowledge on the etiology and pathogenesis of diseases, on the biotransformation of xenobiotics, the pathophysiology of cellular damage, the neoplastic transformation and the response of tissues to damage (inflammation and shelter). Attendance at lectures and individual study will allow the student to know the etiology of human diseases, to recognize the different responses of adaptation to damage, to classify inflammatory processes, to describe the neoplastic atypia and to acquire basic medical terminology.

TEACHING METHODS

Teaching is organized in frontal classroom lectures for a total of 20 hours. The lectures are given by the teacher through the use of presentations that are made available to students on Aulaweb.

SYLLABUS/CONTENT

The field of study of General Pathology. Homeostasis concept. Differences between illness, state, process and morbid phenomenon. Reversible and irreversible cell damage. Necrosis: coagulative, colliquative, caseous, gangrenous, steatonecrosis. Necrosis markers. Apoptosis. Causes of intrinsic illness and congenital malformations. Extrinsic causes of physical nature: corpusculated and electromagnetic radiations. Ionizing and exciting radiations. Causes of mechanical nature: traumas of superficial tissues. Traumas of internal organs. Osteoarticular trauma. Concepts of regeneration and repair. Healing of the cutaneous wound. Causes of thermal nature: burns and freezing. Extrinsic chemical causes: alteration of pH (acids and bases). Solvent action. Denaturing action. Toxic action. Defenses against poisons. Congenital and acquired defenses. Inflammatory response. Definition, causes, characters and phases. Classification of acute inflammations: serous, fibrinous, mucosa, purulent, hemorrhagic, necrotic, allergic. Chronic inflammation: characters and cells of chronic inflammatory infiltrate. Types of chronic inflammation (diffuse and granulomatous). Granulomas: definition and etiology. Responses of adaptation to damage. Atrophy. Vacuolar degeneration. Fatty degeneration. Protein accumulations. Hypertrophy and hyperplasia. Outline of alteration of differentiation: metaplasia, dysplasia and anaplasia. Tumors. Definition of neoplasia. Morphological atypia, biochemical atypia. and behavior. Molecular basis of tumors: oncogenes and oncosuppressors. Retinoblastoma. Etiology of tumors. Initiation and promotion concept. Physical carcinogenic factors. Carcinogenic chemical factors. Viral carcerogenesis. Classification of neoplasms: classification by behavior (benign and malignant); classification by histogenesis (epithelial and connective tumors); classification for staging and gradation (TNM system).

RECOMMENDED READING/BIBLIOGRAPHY

Rubin E. and Reisner HM Patologia Generale-L'essenziale -Ediz Piccin-Vol. 1

G.M. Pontieri Patologia Generale, Edizioni Piccin

Lecture notes will be available on Aulaweb.

TEACHERS AND EXAM BOARD

Exam Board

BARBARA MARENGO (President)

LUIGI ROBBIANO (President)

NICOLA TRAVERSO (President)

CINZIA MARIA DOMENICOTTI (President and Coordinator of Integrated Course)

LESSONS

LESSONS START

The lessons start on March 5th 2019.

Class schedule

The timetable for this course is available here: Portale EasyAcademy

EXAMS

EXAM DESCRIPTION

The exam consists of an oral test.

ASSESSMENT METHODS

The oral exam will focus mainly on the topics covered during the lectures and will have the purpose to evaluate not only if the student has acquired an adequate level of knowledge on the issues but if he has acquired adequate terminology and the ability to analyze with a critical sense and synthesis the proposed arguments.

Exam schedule