OVERVIEW

Mycology embraces the study of fungi and lichens, organisms which play an important role also in different cases of biodeterioration concerning cultural heritage. Knowing the main features of fungi, their nutritional needs (especially as regards the development capabilities) allows us to prevent, mitigate and solve some biodegradation cases in the field of cultural heritage.

AIMS AND CONTENT

LEARNING OUTCOMES

The aim of the course is to introduce the students the problems related to fungal biodeterioration of different substrate types of artistic and/or historic interest. Furthermore, the course will provide the basic tools for a suitable monitoring and control of the fungal agents involved in the biodeterioration of cultural heritage.

AIMS AND LEARNING OUTCOMES

The proactive presence of lecturers during the frontal lectures and laboratory activities along with the individual study will allow lecturers:

• to know the morphologic, metabolic, reproductive, trophic, and ecologic characteristics of fungi;
• to distinguish the principal taxa involved in biodegradation cases;
• to individuate the presence of fungi involved in biodegradation processes and to monitor their development;
• to isolate, analyze vital strains and identify fungal agents involved in biodegradation processes;
• to evaluate the main environmental conditions suitable to prevent and/or mitigate the development of fungi involved in biodegradation processes with the aim of a correct conservation-restoration of cultural heritage;
• to select specific protocols for restoration and disinfestation.

PREREQUISITES

To address the contents of the course, general notions of chemistry, general and applied biology are needed.

TEACHING METHODS

The course is organized in 32 hours of frontal lectures and 32 hours of theoretical-applied laboratory. The students are strongly recommended to attend the lectures and laboratory activities.

Each laboratory activity will be proceeded by a short theoretical summary devoted to illustrate the contents, goals and procedures of the work to be performed. At the end of each laboratory, the students will be fill a form (a sort of quiz) devoted to evaluate the acquired skills.

SYLLABUS/CONTENT

Main characters of fungal organisms (including lichenized fungi): structure and ultrastructure, development, differentiation. Sexual and asexual reproduction. Nutrition and trophic characters. General and specific aspects of metabolism. Factors affecting the fungal development.

Criteria for identifying main taxa and with a particular reference to the groups or species involved in biodegradation processes of cultural heritage.

Role of fungi in biodeterioration of different substrate typologies of cultural heritage, in particulary paper biodegradation and foxing. Lichenized fungi involved in deteriorating rocks and stone slate products. Hints of geomycology.

Aerobiology and biomonitoring of fungi.

Laboratory: isolation, cultivation, identification of main fungal agents of biodegradation processes.

RECOMMENDED READING/BIBLIOGRAPHY

The multimedia teaching material used by the teacher during the lectures will be
available on AulaWeb at the end of the cycle of lectures / laboratory exercises.

The texts listed below are supporting texts and are available and available at the library of Scuola di Scienze M.F.N:

• Deacon W.B., 2005. Fungal Biology. Blackwell Publishing.
• Caneva G., Nugari M.P., Salvadori O. (Eds.), 2005 - La biologia vegetale per i beni culturali, Vol. I. Biodeterioramento e conservazione. Nardini Editore, Bologna.

TEACHERS AND EXAM BOARD

Exam Board

MIRCA ZOTTI (President)

SIMONE DI PIAZZA

MAURO MARIOTTI

LESSONS

Class schedule

The timetable for this course is available here: Portale EasyAcademy

EXAMS

EXAM DESCRIPTION

The exam consists of an oral section during which the Multiple Choice Question Tests (Close Ended), compiled at the end of a theoretical-practical laboratory lessons, will be also discussed

ASSESSMENT METHODS

The oral examination will focus on the topics covered during the lectures and theoretical-practical laboratory. The aim is to evaluate the degree of learning, autonomy, synthesis and exhibition skills achieved by the student. The ability to analyze the main forms of bioterioration, identifying the responsible fungal agents, and the knowledge of appropriate prevention and control measures will also be evaluated.

Exam schedule

FURTHER INFORMATION

The regular attendance of the lessons and the related laboratory exercises is strongly recommended.