CODE 65523 ACADEMIC YEAR 2021/2022 CREDITS 9 cfu anno 2 SCIENZE BIOLOGICHE 8762 (L-13) - GENOVA 5 cfu anno 3 SCIENZE AMBIENTALI E NATURALI 9916 (L-32) - GENOVA SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINARY SECTOR BIO/06 TEACHING LOCATION GENOVA SEMESTER 2° Semester PREREQUISITES Propedeuticità in ingresso Per sostenere l'esame di questo insegnamento è necessario aver sostenuto i seguenti esami: Biological Sciences 8762 (coorte 2020/2021) INSTITUTIONS OF MATHEMATICS 52344 2020 Biological Sciences 8762 (coorte 2019/2020) INSTITUTIONS OF MATHEMATICS 52344 2019 ENVIRONMENTAL AND NATURAL SCIENCES 9916 (coorte 2019/2020) EVOLUTIONARY ZOOLOGY 84435 2019 Propedeuticità in uscita Questo insegnamento è propedeutico per gli insegnamenti: Biological Sciences 8762 (coorte 2019/2020) ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY AND LABORATORY 67060 Biological Sciences 8762 (coorte 2019/2020) PHYSIOLOGY OF EXCITABLE CELLS 67061 Biological Sciences 8762 (coorte 2019/2020) GENERAL PHYSIOLOGY 67062 Biological Sciences 8762 (coorte 2020/2021) ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY AND LABORATORY 67060 Biological Sciences 8762 (coorte 2020/2021) GENERAL PHYSIOLOGY 67062 Biological Sciences 8762 (coorte 2020/2021) PHYSIOLOGY OF EXCITABLE CELLS 67061 TEACHING MATERIALS AULAWEB OVERVIEW This class concerns the functional anatomy of vertebrate systems, with maximum emphasis on the ontogenetic and phylogenetic context. The approach is strongly focused on the evolution of the structures. AIMS AND CONTENT LEARNING OUTCOMES The comparative anatomy covers the anatomy of several systems in vertebrates with focus on homology and differences in different taxa, according to their evolution and functional aspects. It provides elements of evolutionary history and of comparative descriptive embryology of vertebrates. AIMS AND LEARNING OUTCOMES 1 - The student will be able to illustrate the phylogenetic relationships between the major taxa of living and extinct chordates. 2 - The student will be able to describe, using appropriate language, the main events in the embryonic development of vertebrates. 3 - The student will be able to describe, using appropriate language, the anatomy and evolution of main vertebrate systems. 4 - For Biological Science only: the student will be able to describe, using appropriate language, the microscopic anatomy of several organs of vertebrates. 5 - The student will be able to compare the structures in the different vertebrates, underlining the homologies and, where possible, the evolutionary paths, the plesiomorphic and apomorphic features. 6 - For Biological Science only: the student will acquire the ability to observe anatomical preparations, museal specimens, and anatomical models. managing to apply the theoretical notions on the description of the images. He/she will be able to perform easy anatomical dissection, also knowing theoretically the setting up of anatomical preparations. PREREQUISITES Basic knowledge of cytology and histology is required to effectively address the class content. TEACHING METHODS For Biological Sciences (7+2 credits): 56 hours of lectures delivered alternatively through multimedia presentations or by schematizing on the blackboard + 32 hours of workshop alternatively held in classroom, computer classroom, and laboratory equipped with microscopes, models, samples and dissection tools. For Environmental and Natural Sciences (5 credits): 40 hours of lectures delivered alternatively through multimedia presentations or by schematizing on the blackboard. SYLLABUS/CONTENT The following list of topics is for the students of both the Degree Course in Environmental and Natural Sciences (5 credits) and the Degree Course in Biological Sciences (9 credits), except when otherwise specified. Evolution of vertebrates. For Biological Science only: cladograms and elements of cladogram construction. Types of oocytes and development. Segmentation, gastrulation, neurulation, organogenesis. Phylotypic stage of vertebrates. Anatomical description of organs and systems with special focus on phylogeny and ontogeny. In detail: Digestive system, for Biological Science only: macroscopic and microscopic anatomy of the digestive system of vertebrates. Dissection and observation of digestive system. Respiratory system: anatomy and evolution of gills, air-filled sacs, and lungs. For Biological Science only: microscopic anatomy of respiratory organs, dissection and observation of gills. Cardiovascular system: anatomy and evolution of heart and main blood vessels. For Biological Science only: observation of heart models and samples. Skeletal system: anatomy and evolution of vertebrate skeleton. For Biological Sciences only: observation of specimens from the Comparative Anatomy Museum of DISTAV and of skeletal models. Locomotor system, for Biological Sciences only: types of muscle, dissection and observation of skeletal elements, muscles, tendons, articulation, ligaments. Nervous system: anatomy and evolution of the central and peripheral nervous system of vertebrates. For Biological Sciences only: anatomy of the autonomic nervous system, observation of brain models and anatomical preparations. Sense organs: anatomy and evolution of the olfactory system, eye, ear, lateral line. For Biological Sciences only: microscopic anatomy of the olfactory system, eye, taste buds, electroreceptors, tactile structures, observation of anatomical models and preparations. Integumentary system: anatomy and evolution of skin and skin annexes in vertebrates. For Biological Sciences only: microscopic anatomy of skin and skin annexes. Excretory system: anatomy and evolution of the excretory system in vertebrates. For Biological Sciences only: microscopic anatomy of the excretory structures. Reproductive system: anatomy of gonads in anamniotes and amniotes, evolution of genital ducts in vertebrates. Endocrine system, for Biological Sciences only: anatomy and evolution of main endocrine elements in vertebrates. RECOMMENDED READING/BIBLIOGRAPHY All the slides used during the lessons and other teaching material will be available on Aulaweb, after each lesson or topic. In addition, as a support for the study, the Italian text Stingo - Anatomia Comparata Edi-Ermes editions is recommended or the English text Kardong - Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution. TEACHERS AND EXAM BOARD SARA FERRANDO Ricevimento: Students can book appointments with the professor Exam Board SARA FERRANDO (President) SIMONA CANDIANI (President Substitute) STEFANO AICARDI (Substitute) CRISTIANO ANGELINI (Substitute) TIZIANA BACHETTI (Substitute) MATTEO BOZZO (Substitute) MARIO PESTARINO (Substitute) LESSONS Class schedule EMBRYOLOGY, COMPARATIVE ANATOMY AND LABORATORY EXAMS EXAM DESCRIPTION The exam consists of oral answers to questions posed by the teacher. ASSESSMENT METHODS Details on how to prepare for the exam and the degree of detail required for each topic are provided during the lessons. The oral exam covers the topics covered during the lectures. The ability to expose topics using the correct terminology is also evaluated. For students of the Degree Course in Biological Sciences only, the exam will regard constructing simple cladograms, recognizing and describing photographs of anatomical structures at macroscopic and microscopic level, anatomical models and preparations. Exam schedule Data appello Orario Luogo Degree type Note 20/01/2022 09:30 GENOVA Orale 17/02/2022 09:30 GENOVA Orale 20/04/2022 09:30 GENOVA Orale 08/06/2022 09:30 GENOVA Orale 08/06/2022 09:30 GENOVA Orale 16/06/2022 09:30 GENOVA Orale 07/07/2022 09:30 GENOVA Orale 28/07/2022 09:30 GENOVA Orale 12/09/2022 09:30 GENOVA Orale