The course presents the current situation related to energy generation plants (traditional and innovative) with special attention to pollutant emission decrease and conversion efficiency increase
The attendance and active participation at the proposed teaching activities (lessons and exercises) and the individual study will allow the student to:
- know the topics related to combustion and pollution formation;
- know the characteristics of boilers and advanced aspects of combined cycles;
- apply the thermodynamic concepts to the performance calculations;
- analyse and simulate energy systems (in details, the group-based exercise will be carried out on a single pressure level combined cycle);
- know the basic concepts on wind generators;
- know the basic concepts on alternative internal combustion engines;
- identify and analyse the main plant components.
60 hours of lectures, laboratory visits and numerical practices. The exercise hours will be carried out by the teachers with the following approach: summary introduction on the contents related to the classroom lessons and development of exercises.
Combustion and pollutants formation processes
Conventional fuels and their specifications. Air required for combustion, air-fuel ratio and fuel heating value. General aspects and classifications of combustion processes. Pollutants formation processes and their effects on human health and environment.
Le caldaie: fondamenti e componenti
Cenni storici. Classificazione e componenti delle caldaie. Bilancio termico e scambio termico nelle caldaie. Cenni a tecnologie innovative: boiler once-through e super-critici. Caldaia Benson e relativo avviamento.
Boilers and steam generators: fundamentals and components
Historical hints. Boiler classification and components. Thermal balance and heat transfer in boilers. Innovative concepts: boiler once-through and super-critical. Benson boiler and related start-up.
Combined cycles and cogeneration
Combined gas and steam cycles. Heat recovery steam generator. High efficiency cogeneration and district heating. Biomass boilers for district heating.
Pollutant emissions and abatement technologies in energy systems
Pollutant types, properties and measurement units. Formation and measurement of pollutants. Pollutant prevention techniques applied to gas turbine combustors. Hints on gas turbine combustors. Emission abatement systems.
Modelling and simulation of energy systems
Lumped-parameter and modular simulation models. Numerical analysis of energy systems. Practical exercise with WTEMP software.
Wind energy
Horizontal and vertical axis wind generators. Wind park energy production estimation. Environmental impact of wind mills.
Internal combustion engines (ICE)
ICE generator sets. Heat recovery in Diesel engines. Cogeneration plants based on biogas fuelled ICE. Use of bioethanol and biodiesel in ICE: operational issues, influence on performance and emissions.
National balance for electrical energy production
Summary on available power plants for electrical energy production. Daily and seasonal trends of electrical power request. Processing of statistics for electrical energy production referring to different European countries for the assessment of overall average efficiency and poluttants emission factors.
Program copy and information on references are provided by Professors.
Course educational notes are available on aulaweb.
S.L. Dixon, Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics of Turbomachinery – Elsevier.
G. Lozza - Turbine a gas e cicli combinati - Progetto Leonardo
S. Kakac, Boilers Evaporators, and Condensers, John Wiley & Sons Inc., 1991.
A. H. Lefebvre - Gas Turbine Combustion - Hemisphere.
O. Acton, C. Caputo, Introduzione allo Studio delle Macchine, UTET, Torino, 1979.
O. Acton, C. Caputo, Turbomacchine, UTET, Torino, 1986.
O. Acton, C. Caputo, Impianti motori, UTET, Torino, 1992.
G. Cornetti, F. Millo, Macchine Termiche, Il Capitello, 2006.
G. Ferrari, Motori a combustione interna, Il Capitello, 2008.
Ricevimento: The teacher receives by appointment (please send an e-mail to giorgio.zamboni@unige.it)
Ricevimento: To fix office hours for topic review or for asking information please send an e-mail to mario.ferrari@unige.it. In case of requests related to an exam, it is necessary to contact the teacher at least 4 days before.
GIORGIO ZAMBONI (President)
DARIA BELLOTTI
ALICE LA FATA
MASSIMO RIVAROLO
ALESSANDRO SORCE
ALBERTO TRAVERSO
MARIO LUIGI FERRARI (President Substitute)
RENATO PROCOPIO (President Substitute)
https://corsi.unige.it/10800/p/studenti-orario
Assessment of the exercise report developed during the course (group-based exercise) and oral exam.
The report related to the exercise will be produced with group working activities, before the course termination (the deadline will be provided by the teachers during the assignment). This report will be evaluated producing an x/30 mark and this will be the 50% of the exam evaluation.
The exam will be carried out with oral questions that can be supported by writing (on the blackboard or a paper sheet). The details on the exam preparation and on the analysis of each topic will be provided during the lessons. The exam will evaluate not only the student's knowledge, but also the analysis capability of problems on the course program and the presentation with a right terminology.
Prerequisites: none
