AIMS AND CONTENT

LEARNING OUTCOMES

The course presents the current situation related to energy generation plants (traditional and innovative) with special attention to pollutant emission decrease and conversion efficiency increase

AIMS AND LEARNING OUTCOMES

The attendance and active participation at the proposed teaching activities (lessons and exercises) and the individual study will allow the student to:

- know the topics related to combustion and pollution formation;

- know the characteristics of boilers and advanced aspects of combined cycles;

- apply the thermodynamic concepts to the performance calculations;

- analyse and simulate energy systems (in details, the group-based exercise will be carried out on a single pressure level combined cycle);

- know the basic concepts on wind generators;

- know the basic concepts on alternative internal combustion engines;

- identify and analyse the main plant components.

TEACHING METHODS

60 hours of lectures, laboratory visits and numerical practices. The exercise hours will be carried out by the teachers with the following approach: summary introduction on the contents related to the classroom lessons and development of exercises.

SYLLABUS/CONTENT

Combustion and pollutants formation processes

Conventional fuels and their specifications. Air required for combustion, air-fuel ratio and fuel heating value. General aspects and classifications of combustion processes. Pollutants formation processes and their effects on human health and environment.

Le caldaie: fondamenti e componenti

Cenni storici. Classificazione e componenti delle caldaie. Bilancio termico e scambio termico nelle caldaie. Cenni a tecnologie innovative: boiler once-through e super-critici. Caldaia Benson e relativo avviamento.

Boilers and steam generators: fundamentals and components

Historical hints. Boiler classification and components. Thermal balance and heat transfer in boilers. Innovative concepts: boiler once-through and super-critical. Benson boiler and related start-up.

Combined cycles and cogeneration

Combined gas and steam cycles. Heat recovery steam generator. High efficiency cogeneration and district heating. Biomass boilers for district heating.

Pollutant emissions and abatement technologies in energy systems

Pollutant types, properties and measurement units. Formation and measurement of pollutants. Pollutant prevention techniques applied to gas turbine combustors. Hints on gas turbine combustors. Emission abatement systems.

Modelling and simulation of energy systems

Lumped-parameter and modular simulation models. Numerical analysis of energy systems. Practical exercise with WTEMP software.

Wind energy

Horizontal and vertical axis wind generators. Wind park energy production estimation. Environmental impact of wind mills.

Internal combustion engines (ICE)

ICE generator sets. Heat recovery in Diesel engines. Cogeneration plants based on biogas fuelled ICE. Use of bioethanol and biodiesel in ICE: operational issues, influence on performance and emissions.

National balance for electrical energy production

Summary on available power plants for electrical energy production. Daily and seasonal trends of electrical power request. Processing of statistics for electrical energy production referring to different European countries for the assessment of overall average efficiency and poluttants emission factors.

RECOMMENDED READING/BIBLIOGRAPHY

Program copy and information on references are provided by Professors.

Course educational notes are available on aulaweb.

Students not attending the lessons (although the active participation at the lessons is strongly recommended) are suggested to use the aul@web teaching material. In case of doubts on these documents, please contact the teachers by e-mail: mario.ferrari@unige.it, daria.bellotti@unige.it and giorgio.zamboni@unige.it.

The following books are suggested as support (the exam can be successfully passed without reading these books):

S.L. Dixon,  Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics of Turbomachinery – Elsevier.

G. Lozza - Turbine a gas e cicli combinati - Progetto Leonardo

S. Kakac, Boilers Evaporators, and Condensers, John Wiley & Sons Inc., 1991.

A. H. Lefebvre - Gas Turbine Combustion - Hemisphere.

O. Acton, C. Caputo, Introduzione allo Studio delle Macchine, UTET, Torino, 1979.

O. Acton, C. Caputo, Turbomacchine, UTET, Torino, 1986.

O. Acton, C. Caputo, Impianti motori, UTET, Torino, 1992.

G. Cornetti, F. Millo, Macchine Termiche, Il Capitello, 2006.

G. Ferrari, Motori a combustione interna, Il Capitello, 2008.

TEACHERS AND EXAM BOARD

Exam Board

GIORGIO ZAMBONI (President)

DARIA BELLOTTI

ALICE LA FATA

MASSIMO RIVAROLO

ALESSANDRO SORCE

ALBERTO TRAVERSO

MARIO LUIGI FERRARI (President Substitute)

RENATO PROCOPIO (President Substitute)

LESSONS

LESSONS START

https://corsi.unige.it/10800/p/studenti-orario

Class schedule

The timetable for this course is available here: Portale EasyAcademy

EXAMS

EXAM DESCRIPTION

Assessment of the exercise report developed during the course (group-based exercise) and oral exam.

ASSESSMENT METHODS

The report related to the exercise will be produced with group working activities, before the course termination (the deadline will be provided by the teachers during the assignment). This report will be evaluated producing an x/30 mark and this will be the 50% of the exam evaluation.

The exam will be carried out with oral questions that can be supported by writing (on the blackboard or a paper sheet). The details on the exam preparation and on the analysis of each topic will be provided during the lessons. The exam will evaluate not only the student's knowledge, but also the analysis capability of problems on the course program and the presentation with a right terminology.

Exam schedule

FURTHER INFORMATION

Prerequisites: none.

Students with specific needs (for instance Specific Learning Disorders) are invited to contact the teachers by e-mail (mario.ferrari@unige.it, daria.bellotti@unige.it and giorgio.zamboni@unige.it) at least 5 days before the exam. For instance, students with learning disorders ("disturbi specifici di apprendimento", DSA) (certified by related medical documentation) will be allowed to use specific modalities and supports that will be determined on a case-by-case basis in agreement with the delegate of the Engineering courses in the Committee for the Inclusion of Students with Disabilities.