OVERVIEW

Organic Chemistry and Laboratory (CHIMORG, code 65529) is worth 8 credits and takes place in the first semester, years: 2nd LT SB. Classes are held in Italian.
For enrolled students, the teaching material is available on AulaWeb.

AIMS AND CONTENT

LEARNING OUTCOMES

Obiettivo dell'insegnamento è quello di fornire allo studente una visione generale sul comportamento (chimico e chimico-fisico) dei principali gruppi funzionali della chimica organica. Sulla base delle conoscenze così acquisite vengono prese in esame le caratteristiche essenziali (costituzione, preparazione, reattività) delle principali tipologie di materiali organici/polimerici di interesse più specifico nell’ambito dei Beni Culturali (solventi, resine, coloranti, leganti - oli siccativi e tempere -, protettivi, vernici). La comprensione dei fattori che regolano il comportamento di questi materiali è di fondamento per una corretta programmazione ed interpretazione della diagnostica, finalizzata all’uso delle moderne tecniche di conservazione, consolidamento e restauro.

AIMS AND LEARNING OUTCOMES

Remember the concepts related to atoms, electronegativity and chemical bonds
Understand the concepts of polar covalent bonding, hybridization, sigma and pi bond, isomerism, resonance
Apply these concepts to the construction of organic molecules, to the identification of their arrangement in the space, to the recognition of the functional groups and to the assignment of the IUPAC name
Analyze the organic molecules on the basis of their structure, recognizing their acidity / basicity, nucleophilic / electrophilic character; identify six different types of chemical reactions
Evaluate the reactivity of organic molecules based on their structure and the environment in which they are located
Create new substances by reaction of simple organic molecules

TEACHING METHODS

Frontal lessons

Laboratory activities

SYLLABUS/CONTENT

Atoms and molecules. Hybridization of the carbon atom.
Theory of resonance. Lewis formulas. Acids and Bases.
Alkanes and cycloalkanes. Nomenclature and properties. Conformations
Alkenes, cycloalkenes, polyenes. Nomenclature and properties. Isomerism E / Z
Alkyne. Nomenclature and properties.
Benzene and aromatic compounds. Nomenclature and properties
Stereoisomery and enantiomery. Configurations R / S
Halogen derivatives. Alcohols. Nucleophilic substitution reactions and elimination
Carbonyl compounds, aldehydes and ketones.
Carboxylic acids and acyl derivatives.
Amines; purine and pyrimidine bases
Lipids; triglycerides. Chemical and physical characteristics. Phospholipids. Terpenes.
Monosaccharides: aldoses and ketoses; projections, hemiacetalic forms; reactivity.
Mono- and polysaccharides
α-Amino acids: properties. Peptide bond. Structure of proteins.
Nucleic acids, nucleosides and nucleotides.
Laboratory practical tests:
Isolation of an essential oil by distillation
Extraction, chromatographic separation and spectrophotometric analysis of natural pigments
Resolution of a racemic mixture - polarimetry
Recognition essays for major natural substances

RECOMMENDED READING/BIBLIOGRAPHY

Klein “FONDAMENTI DI CHIMICA ORGANICA”, 2016, Pearson Italia, Milano-Torino

Brown “INTRODUZIONE ALLA CHIMICA ORGANICA”, 2005 (2001, 1999), Edises, Napoli

McMurry “FONDAMENTI DI CHIMICA ORGANICA”, 2011, Zanichelli, Bologna

TEACHERS AND EXAM BOARD

Exam Board

LARA BIANCHI (President)

ANDREA BASSO

CINZIA TAVANI

ALESSANDRO PELLIS (President Substitute)

LISA MONI (Substitute)

LESSONS

LESSONS START

Lesson will start on 20th September 2021 and will follow the schedule available on the website

Class schedule

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY AND LABORATORY

EXAMS

EXAM DESCRIPTION

The exam consists of a written test in which the students will have to answer open questions on the following topics:

nomenclature and isomerism

acidity and basicity

reactivity

biomolecules

laboratory activities

Each question is associated with a maximum score, which takes into account the difficulty of the question itself; the written test is considered passed when the overall score is at least 18/30;

students who pass the test will have an oral examination which will consist of a series of questions about the theory and laboratory activity

ASSESSMENT METHODS

The exam consists of a written test and an oral exam. The written test is generally organized on more open-ended questions with scores which take account of various difficulties, while the oral exam, which can be accessed only after passing the written exam, consists of an interview. Both written and oral tests are based on the program carried out in class to evaluate the achievement of educational goals. The oral examination is always conducted by a commission made up of at least two professors (or in limited cases as a tenured professor and an expert on the subject so designated by CCS) and has a reasonable duration. The Commission, appointed in this way, you can verify with high accuracy to achieve the educational objectives of teaching by putting different questions related to the program actually carried out during the course lessons. When the educational objectives are not achieved, the student is encouraged to better verify his knowledge and possibly to make use of further explanations by contacting the owner of the teacher teaching the course.

Exam schedule

FURTHER INFORMATION

Prerequisites

The examination must follow the one of General and Inorganic Chemistry with Laboratory. Knowledge of derivatives, integrals, logarithmic and exponential functions. Knowledge of Thermodynamics, Electromagnetism, Optics. Good knowledge of General and Inorganic Chemistry

Frequency

Recommended for lectures, compulsory for laboratory work and preliminary lessons to it