OVERVIEW

Study of chemical and chemical-physical basic of technologies, with particular reference to materials, properties and interaction with the environment, providing a synthesis of common principles of state and transformation of matter.

AIMS AND CONTENT

LEARNING OUTCOMES

Chemical and physical basic knowledge of atomic structure, chemical bond, thermodynamic and kinetic needed to interpret and to describe the fundamental aspects of the materials structure and transformation, of the natural and environmental phenomena and of the main technological chemical processes.

AIMS AND LEARNING OUTCOMES

The training activities proposed in the form of lectures, exercises and numerical applications, associated to the individual study, will allow the student to:

know the atomic structure;

understand the mechanisms of strong and weak chemical bond formation;

know the structure of solids, liquids and understand the gas state equations;

understand the relationships between electrical, magnetic and mechanical structure and properties;

evaluate the conditions of the chemical equilibrium;

to know the kinetics involved in the transformation of matter;

determine quantitatively the equilibriums in gas phase and in aqueous solutions;

understand the fundamental structure-property relationships in the macromolecules;

know the main fossil and renewable energy sources;

know the basics of water treatment;

discuss all the proposed activities with a scientific method and appropriate language.

TEACHING METHODS

Lectures and exercises in the classroom. The assessment of learning and operational skills during the course will take place through the monitoring carried out during the numerical exercises.

The transversal skills in terms of independence of judgment will be acquired through the classroom performance of the exercises to be carried out in a group.

SYLLABUS/CONTENT

Structure of matter: composition of the atom and its stability; matter-energy interaction; quantization of energy and wave nature of the matter; Schrodinger equation and its application to atomic structure; periodicity of chemical properties; valence bond theory and molecular orbitals, band structure theory in the solids; solid structures; amorphous and crystalline state; properties of liquids; ideal and real gases; relationship between structure and mechanical, magnetic and electrical properties. Nomenclature of chemical compounds.

Fundamentals of the chemical reactivity: Gibbs function and chemical equilibrium; aqueous solutions, strong acids and bases, weak acids and bases, hydrolysis of the salts, buffer solutions; solubility of salts; chemical kinetics and kinetic equations; Arrhenius law, transition complex and catalysis.

Polymeric materials: introduction to organic chemistry; relations between property and structure of the synthetic polymers (fibers, plastics, elastomers, thermosetting polymers, Tm, Tg, crystallinity, mechanical properties, conductive polymers); liquid crystals; environmental impact of synthetic polymers.

Energy and environment: energy sources and sustainable development; hydrogen production; renewable sources. Emissions in the atmosphere and water treatment.

Numerical applications: units; mole; formulas; atomic and molecular weight; chemical reactions; gas laws; concentrations; shift of the chemical equilibrium; pH.

RECOMMENDED READING/BIBLIOGRAPHY

The teaching material used during the lessons will be available in aulaweb, as well as the examples of final tests proposed in previous years with the related solutions. The notes taken during the lessons and the material in the aulaweb are enough for the preparation of the exam, but the following books are suggested as supporting and in-depth texts.

Structure of matter and fundamentals of the chemical reactivity

P. Atkins, L. Jones, L. Laverman, Fondamenti di chimica generale, Zanichelli;

Autori vari a cura di M. Speranza, Chimica generale e inorganica, Edi.Ermes;

Autori vari a cura di P. Tagliatesta, Chimica generale e inorganica, Edi-ermes;
R. Chang, Fondamenti di chimica generale, McGrow-Hill;
V. Lorenzelli, Elementi di Chimica per le Facoltà di Ingegneria, Genova, Ed. Univ.;
D.W. Oxtoby, H.P. Gills, A. Campion, Chimica moderna, EdiSES;
R.H. Petrucci, W.S Harwood, F.G. Herring, Chimica generale, Piccin;
M.S. Silberberg, Chimica, McGrow-Hill;
 

Polymeric materials, energy and environment

F. Cavani, G. Centi, M. Di Serio, I. Rossetti, A. Salvini. G. Strukul, Fondamenti di chimica industriale. Materie prime, prodotti, processi, sostenibilità, Ed. Zanichelli

Exercises
 

R.A. Michelin, P. Sgarbossa, M. Mozzon, A. Munari, Chimica – test ed esercizi, Ambrosiana;

M. Panizza, G. Cerisola, Esercizi di Chimica per Ingegneria, ECIG.

TEACHERS AND EXAM BOARD

Exam Board

GIANGUIDO RAMIS (President)

MARIA PAOLA CARPANESE

MARINA DELUCCHI

ANTONIO BARBUCCI (President Substitute)

LESSONS

LESSONS START

https://corsi.unige.it/8784/p/studenti-orario

Class schedule

The timetable for this course is available here: Portale EasyAcademy

EXAMS

EXAM DESCRIPTION

The exam includes a written and an oral exam with open questions.

The written test must establish only the minimum level of necessary knowledge for the admission to the next oral exam. This test does not have a numerical evaluation and is based on the solution of 9 questions on the following topics discussed during the exercises and present in the appropriate section available to all the students in Aulaweb:

1) Inorganic nomenclature;

2) Balancing exchange ion reactions;

3) Stoichiometric calculations or numerical application of the perfect gas law;

4) Radiochemistry or representation of the electronic configurations of atoms and molecules or chemical bond;

5) pH calculation of strong acids and bases;

6) Description and exploitation of energy sources or water treatment;

7) Calculation of the equilibrium constant or composition;

8) Description of polymeric material or description of the relationship between the structure and a property or kinetics and catalysts;

9) pH calculation of weak acids and bases or salt solubility or organic nomenclature.

The written test is considered passed with a number of correct answers greater or equal than to 5. 3 appeals will be available in the winter session and 3 in the summer session.

The oral exam is structured on 3 questions of weight 10/30, one for each of the 3 chapters related to: 1) state of matter; 2) properties and transformations; 3) applications. In more detail, for each chapter one of the 16 questions listed below will be placed.

Part 1:

E.M. waves, spectra and color; E.M. waves associated with particles; Quantum numbers; Radioactivity; Fission and nuclear fusion; Diatomic molecules; σ and π bonds; Hybridization; Polar molecules; Delocalized electrons and resonance; Weak and hydrogen bonds; Theory of the bands and solid state; Metal structures and alloys; Ionic lattices and reticular energy; Defects and surface; Kinetic theory and gas laws.

Part 2:

Chemical character of the elements; Diamond and graphite; Polarity and status changes; Semiconductors and n-p junctions; Magnetic properties; Ferroelectricity and piezoelectricity; Gibbs energy and chemical equilibrium; Equilibrium constant and temperature; Equilibrium constant and pressure; Solubility product; pH definition and calculation; Weak acids and bases in water; Hydrolysis of salts and pH; pH of buffer solutions; Reaction rate and collisions theory; Catalysis.

Part 3:

Polymer structure; Chain polymerization; Steps polymerization; Thermal behaviour of the polymers; Liquid crystals; Polysiloxanes; Energy and greenhouse gases; Renewable energy sources; Oil and derivatives; Coal and natural gas; Power source emissions; Production of hydrogen and energy uses; Solid suspension removal in water; Water softening and desalting; Biological processes of water; Refrigeration and degassing of water.

For each written test passed 2 oral appeals are possible in the same session.

ASSESSMENT METHODS

The exam tests with the student will allow:
evaluate the knowledge of the atomic structure;
verify the understanding of the mechanisms of strong and weak chemical bond formation;
evaluate understanding of the structure of solids, liquids and to understand the gas state equations;
understand the relationships between electrical, magnetic and mechanical structure and properties;
verify the ability to identify the conditions of chemical equilibrium;
verify the knowledge of the kinetics involved in the transformation of matter;
verify the ability in the quantitative evaluation of gaseous equilibriums and in aqueous solutions;

evaluate the fundamental structure-property relationships in the macromolecules;
verify the level of knowledge of the main fossil and renewable energy sources;
verify the level of knowledge of the fundamental water treatments;
discuss all the proposed activities with a scientific method and appropriate language

Exam schedule