CODE 58087 ACADEMIC YEAR 2023/2024 CREDITS 7 cfu anno 1 ODONTOIATRIA E PROTESI DENTARIA 8746 (LM-46) - GENOVA SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINARY SECTOR BIO/13 LANGUAGE Italian TEACHING LOCATION GENOVA SEMESTER 1° Semester MODULES Questo insegnamento è un modulo di: MOLECULAR AND APPLIED BIOLOGY TEACHING MATERIALS AULAWEB OVERVIEW The course consists of frontal lectures of cell biology and general genetics. At the end of the course students will be accompanied in the laboratory where the teacher works to see how a research laboratory is organized. In addition, students will be able to attend on-going experiments related to the exam program. AIMS AND CONTENT LEARNING OUTCOMES The course promotes the knowledge of the organization and functioning of eukaryotic cells and the understanding of inheritance transmission mechanisms. AIMS AND LEARNING OUTCOMES Gli obiettivi del modulo di Biologia Applicata riguardano l'acquisizione di conoscenze sulla composizione molecolare della vita, dall'ATP alle strutture cellulari. Si tratta di comprendere la riproduzione cellulare, la trasmissione del segnale, l'apoptosi, e la matrice extracellulare. Nel modulo di Genetica Generale e Molecolare, gli studenti comprenderanno il fenomeno dell’ereditarietà tramite le leggi di Mendel, la correlazione tra fattori mendeliani e cromosomi e si tratteranno i casi più complessi dove i caratteri non seguono le suddette leggi. Si studierà la natura biochimica del gene, e la duplicazione del DNA. È previsto lo studio della trascrizione dell'RNA, del mappaggio genetico, della determinazione del rischio genetico, e della sintesi molecolare delle proteine. TEACHING METHODS frontal lectures SYLLABUS/CONTENT Cell Biology living cell composition Lipids, proteins, nucleic acid and carbohydrates. Structure and their functions. Metabolic energy ATP production from organic molecules Cellular components biosynthesis The cell: VIrus, procariotic and eucariotic cells Plasma membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus and nucleolus. Function of different structures. Asexual and sexual reproduction Cell cycle and mitosis Meiosis Cell division control Signal transmission: Growth factors and cell signal transduction Oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, oncogenic viruses Cell death and cell renewal: Programmed cell death stem cells The extracellular matrix: Component macromolecules and its organization Cellular interactions: Cell-cell interactions Cell-matrix interactions General Genetics The gene theory and Mendelism Mendel's laws: Segregation of alleles and the genetic significance of meiosis The independent assortment Non-Mendelian inheritance and variations in Mendelian ratio: Multiple Alleles and ABO Blood Groups Incomplete dominance and Co-dominance Interaction between genes lethal genes The chromosomal theory of inheritance: Match between Mendelian factors and chromosomes Sexual chromosomes Characters related to sex The chromosome nondisjunction Chromosomal translocations Human chromosomal syndromes Concatenation and gene mapping: Gene Association and Recombination Calculation of the gene distances by recombination Cross over points for gene mapping (hints) The anatomy of the human genome Character Transmission Dominance and recessive Autosomic characters Characters related to sex The genealogical trees Penetration and Expressivity The biochemical nature of the gene: The discovery of nucleic acids Griffith's experiment and bacterial transformation Identifying DNA as a Transforming Principle The DNA structure Implications of the Watson & Crick model The Central Dogma of Biology DNA duplication DNA replication theoretical models DNA Polymerase The replications in the prokaryotes Replication in eukaryotes Genetic mutations Molecular mechanisms of mutations Molecular DNA repair mechanism The transcription of RNA The world of RNAs RNA polymerase II and transcription of mRNA The maturation of mRNA RNA polymerase I and rRNA transcription RNA polymerase III and the transcription of tRNA, snRNA, snoRNA Protein biosynthesis The molecular structure of proteins-coding genes The genetic code tRNAs Protein synthesis in prokaryotes Protein synthesis in eukaryotes Post-translational modifications RECOMMENDED READING/BIBLIOGRAPHY L'essenziale di Biologia Molecolare della Cellula, Alberts et al., Zanichelli Biologia Molecolare della cellula. Harvey Lodish et al., Zanichelli Genetica, un approcciomolecolare. Peter J. Russel, Pearson Genetica - principi di analisiformale. Anthony J. F. Griffiths et al. TEACHERS AND EXAM BOARD SARA TAVELLA Ricevimento: by appointment by email: sara.tavella@unige.it Exam Board PAOLO MALATESTA (President) SARA TAVELLA (President and Coordinator of Integrated Course) LESSONS Class schedule The timetable for this course is available here: Portale EasyAcademy