OVERVIEW

The teaching unit introduces students to the complex interactions that globally regulate the relationships between economic growth, mobility and sustainable development.

From a technological point of view, the problems related to the different uses of electrical systems in public and private mobility are summarized, highlighting in particular the aspects relating to performance, energy consumption, pollution.

Some peculiarities of the railway systems are treated and particular prominence is given to planning and economic problems in local public transport.

AIMS AND CONTENT

LEARNING OUTCOMES

Introduction to transport systems and planning policies in transport on a European and national scale. Classification of transport systems. Freight transportation and logistics. Principles of inventory management. City logistics. Intermodality. Energy and transportation. Analysis of the external costs of transportation. Principles of locomotion theory. Tools for economic analysis of transportation systems. Main types of electric drives used in the industry. power systems for road vehicles, rail and watercraft (accumulators and fuel cells, conversion substations, catenaries, motogenerators).

AIMS AND LEARNING OUTCOMES

At the end of the teaching unit the student will be able to:

• Understand the problems related to greenhouse gas emissions and local pollutant of internal combustion engine vehicles.
• Analize the vehicle resistance forces.
• Evaluate the motor-load coupling  and the necessity of using a gearbox.
• Understand the main characteristics of spark ignition engines and of Diesel engines.
• Evaluate efficiency and fuel economy of internal combustion engine vehicles in ideal and real missions.
• Understand the structure and the working principles of the main hybrid vehicle architectures: parallel, series/parallel and series.
• Evaluate and compare the efficiency of different hybrid architectures in ideal and real working conditions.
• Understand the working principles of fuel cell vehicles and the different way to produce hydrogen.
• Analize the different type of electrochemical storages, comparing their typical parameters.
• Understand the different algorithms for state of charge estimation.
• Analize the structure and the functioning of a permanent magnet synchronous motor, with particular attention on the flux weaking area.
• Analize the field oriented control scheme for a permanent magnet synchronous motor.
• Analize different sensorless control for permanent magnet synchronous motors.
• Understand the functioning of different topologies of isolated DC-DC and DC-AC converters, with particular attention on charging systems for electric vehicles.
• Realized a MATLAB/Simulink model to evaluate the efficiency and the fuel economy of different hybrid vehicle architectures.
• Realized a MATLAB/Simulink model of a field oriented control for a permanent magnet synchronous motor.
• Realize a MATLAB/Simulink model of a Dual Active Bridge converter.
• Implement a field oriented control on a real motor drive using dSpace platform.
  
   
• Learn the basics of economics, transport economics and the main specialized regulations necessary to understand the fundamental functioning mechanisms of the complex transport sector.
• Gain awareness of the economic, financial and managerial effects deriving from technological choices and engineering solutions.
• Acquire the necessary notions to competently take part in the planning and planning processes of a transport, freight or passenger (LPT) service, as well as city logistics.
• Acquire the necessary notions to actively collaborate in the design of networks or lines, as well as in LPT network review processes, also in light of the use of transport systems with low or no environmental impact.
• Acquire the basic notions necessary to take part competently in the drafting of infrastructure plans, including environmental assessment methodologies.
• Acquire the basics of the methods of evaluation of economic efficiency and effectiveness of the service, as well as of the consequent corrective actions, used by sector managers.
• Acquire the skills required to be employed in companies operating the transport service, in public bodies that regulate the service and the territory, as well as in industrial entities in the sector.

• Acquire the knowledge to support the design and installation of technologies, manage their services in the public and private sectors of integrated urban and extra-urban mobility for passengers and goods;
• Understand the regulatory and organizational system of the LPT (Local Public Transport) sector, identify the areas of application of the different free and restricted driving systems;
• Understand the planning and management processes of public and private integrated urban and extra-urban mobility services for passengers and goods;
• Understand the organizational and logistical processes and operational flows of urban and extra-urban mobility services and implement smart and Internet of things resources to improve the planning of maintenance services;
• Organize, manage and monitor the processes of providing integrated services for urban and extra-urban mobility, analyzing incoming and outgoing data in the context of service management
• Develop the relevant processes for controlling the quality of urban and extra-urban mobility services;
• Understand the paradigms relating to the performance of the fleet of vehicles in operation, identify the levels of autonomy in reference to the mission profiles and the characteristics of the storage and charging systems;
• Understand the autonomous driving sector, the areas of application and the related regulatory framework.
• Indentify the roles prescribed by European legislation for the railway sector, know the organizational and technological implications, roles and skills.
   
• Manage social interactions, with collaborative attitude and constructive communication in different environments. 
• Develop imagination and creativity, critical reflection, strategic thinking.

PREREQUISITES

Knowledge of electrical matters, in particular relating to electric drives and power electronics.

TEACHING METHODS

Lectures with the use of slides.

Individual excercise using MATLAB/Simulink software.

Group LAB excercise with the implementation of a control firmware on a real motor drive.

SYLLABUS/CONTENT

• Greenhouse gas emissions and local pollutant of internal combustion engine vehicles.
• Vehicle resistance forces.
• Motor-load coupling  and the necessity of using a gearbox.
• Characteristics of spark ignition engines and of Diesel engines.
• Efficiency and fuel economy of internal combustion engine vehicles in ideal and real missions.
• Structure and working principles of the main hybrid vehicle architectures: parallel, series/parallel and series.
• Efficiency of different hybrid architectures in ideal and real working conditions.
• Working principles of fuel cell vehicles and the different way to produce hydrogen.
• Electrochemical storages, comparing their typical parameters.
• Algorithms for state of charge estimation.
• Structure and functioning of a permanent magnet synchronous motor, with particular attention on the flux weaking area.
• Field oriented control scheme for a permanent magnet synchronous motor.
• Sensorless control for permanent magnet synchronous motors.
• Functioning of different topologies of isolated DC-DC and DC-AC converters, with particular attention on charging systems for electric vehicles.
  
   
• Elements of economics: terminology, subjects, supply and demand, market equilibrium and price formation, elasticity of demand.
• Elements of transport economics: peculiarities of the sector with a review of the elements referred to in the previous point, methods of analysis of the demand for passenger and freight transport.
• Local Public Transport (LPT): complexity of the sector, characteristic elements, qualitative factors.
• The LPT reform process to date: service award procedures, economic parameters, public contribution, comparison with the European situation.
• From a transport service to a concept of mobility, sustainable mobility and the use of vehicles with low or no environmental impact.
• Parameters and indicators of effectiveness and efficiency for the management of transport companies
• External Costs of Transport and Impact Assessment Methods (Cost-Benefit Analysis, Multicriteria Analysis), City Logistics.
• Design of transport networks for LPT, planning and management of the service.
• Parameters and indicators of effectiveness and efficiency for the management of transport companies.
  
  
   
• Local Public transportation in Italy and Europe
• Environmental sustainability and zero emission transportation
• Regulatory framework, planning, organisation and management of a LPT network
• Electric vehicles and autonomy range
• Trolleybus system and high capacity vehicle for LPT
• Autonomous vehicles
• SAE levels of Driving Automation
• Tramway systems and wire-free application
• Railway interoperable vehicles (tram-train and train-tram)
• Cableways (inclined and vertical lifts, funicular railways, people movers)
• Railway system: European regulatory framework, roles and competencies
• Technical Specifications for Interoperability (TSIs)
• Railway rolling stock)
• Electric traction plant
• Railway timetable (design and its application, graphic timetable)
• Railway traffic management and control, block, ATP - ATC (Automatic Train Control - Automatic Train Protection)
• ERTMS/ETCS - ERTMS/ETCS and subsystem (SSB, SST, RBC, GSM-R)

RECOMMENDED READING/BIBLIOGRAPHY

Lecture slides made available on Aulaweb and bibliography provided during the course.

Federico M. Buttera: "Affrontare la complessità", Edizioni Ambiente, 2021.

TEACHERS AND EXAM BOARD

Exam Board

MASSIMILIANO PASSALACQUA (President)

MAURIZIO FRANCO MAZZUCCHELLI

CRISTINA CARNEVALI (President Substitute)

RICCARDO GENOVA (President Substitute)

LESSONS

LESSONS START

According to the official timetable.

EXAMS

EXAM DESCRIPTION

Oral exam.

Use of MATLAB/Simulink software during the oral exam.

Students who have valid certification of physical or learning disabilities on file with the University and who wish to discuss possible accommodations or other circumstances regarding lectures, coursework and exams, should speak both with the instructor and with Professor Federico Scarpa (federico.scarpa@unige.it ), the School's disability liaison.

ASSESSMENT METHODS

The exam aims to verify the student's ability to deal with complex problems as a synthesis of multidisciplinary skills acquired in analogy to what might be required in the workplace.
The ability to create a simulation model in MATLAB/Simulink environment will be evaluated using the software directly during the exam.
During the group laboratory exercises, the ability to manage social interactions with a collaborative attitude and the ability to develop critical reflection and strategic thinking will be evaluated.

Exam schedule