OVERVIEW

The course is transformed by combining with the molecular biology module. The interest for biotechnological drugs will be characterized by in-depth studies and dedicated lessons.

The course is aimed at providing the bases of pharmacology and toxicology.
Moreover, will be provided knowledge and tools related to scientific research in this field.

AIMS AND CONTENT

LEARNING OUTCOMES

The course of Pharmacology aims to provide knowledge about the general mechanisms of drug interactions with the biological structures. The course will deal from a qualitative and quantitative point of view:

• the interactions of drugs with receptors and other proteins
• the mechanisms of drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination.
• the individual variability of the drug response
• the toxicity of a drug
• the mechanisms of drug interactions

AIMS AND LEARNING OUTCOMES

The goal is to create a solid foundation for dealing with the management of the drug.

The student will learn what a pharmacological problem means, analyze the efficacy and safety of a drug and evaluate specific cases related to the emerging development of biotechnological drugs

PREREQUISITES

General chemistry and inorganic

Organic chemical I.

Organic chemical II.

Biochemistry and applied biochemistry 

Animal biology and human anatomy 

Maths

Physics

General Physiology

TEACHING METHODS

Frontal lectures or, if necessary, in telematic teaching mode.

Any Student with documented Specific Learning Disorders (SLD), or with any special needs, shall reach out to the Lecturer(s) and to the dedicated SLD Representative in the Department ( Prof. Luca Raiteri, Luca.Raiteri@unige.it ) before class begins, in order to liaise and arrange the specific learning methods and ensure proper achievement of the learning aims and outcomes. VERY IMPORTANT: any request for compensatory tools and adaptations in the exam MUST be done within 10 working days before the date of the exam according to the instructions that can be found at https://unige.it/disabilita-dsa/comunicazioni

SYLLABUS/CONTENT

1. General Pharmacology and Toxicology
2. Pharmacodynamics
3. Pharmacokinetics (PK)
4. Challenges in Pharmacological Research
5. Receptors
6. Ionotropic Rs  (IRs)
7. Metabotropic R Metabotropy (MRs)
8. IRs Main families, localization, activities
9. MRs Main families, localization, activities
10. Other receptors
11. Carrier (T)
12. T Main families, localization, activities
13. Non-functional Techniques
14. Functional Techniques
15. Drug-Receptor interaction (FR)
16. Pharmacological Theories
17. FR Constants and parameters
18. FR Linear and logarithmic graphic representations

19. Computer software and tools
20. Allosteric and orthosteric ligands
21. Absorption
22. Distribution
23. Metabolism
24. Elimination
25. PK In the elderly
26. PK In the smoker
27. PK In the cannabis consumer
28. PK in the obesity
29. Routes of administration
30. Ways of elimination
31. Metabolism's Phases, genetic variations and processes
32. PK Parameters and kinetics
33. Toxicology
34. Drugs Handling 
35. Preclinical, and clinical trials
36. Toxicity test
37. Mechanisms of Toxicity

38. ADR and Pharmacovigilance
39. Forensic toxicology
40. Contrast liquids

41 Vaccines and biotechnological drugs

RECOMMENDED READING/BIBLIOGRAPHY

Goodman & Gilman Le basi farmacologiche della terapia Zanichelli

Hitner & Nagle Principi di Farmacologia Zanichelli

Katzung, Master, Trevor Frmacologia Generale e clinica Piccin

Casarett & Doull Elementi di tossicologia Casa editrice Ambrosiana

Tossicologia generale e applicata ai farmaci- Manzo, Paolillo e Vitalone -edra

Il meccanismo d'azione dei farmaci Francesco Clementi Guido Fumagalli-edra

Rossi, Cuomo, Riccardi Farmacologia principi di base e applicazioni terapeutiche V ed Edizioni Minerva Medica

LESSONS

Class schedule

The timetable for this course is available here: Portale EasyAcademy

EXAMS

EXAM DESCRIPTION

Oral examination

ASSESSMENT METHODS

The learning outcomes will be based on the assessment during the examination of three key aspects:

appropriateness of the terminology
skills and notions
reasoning ability

Exam schedule