Aim of the course is giving the students basic elements of general and inorganic chemistry, driving them to language and method of chemistry, supplying the necessary tools for a better understanding of chemical aspects in the following courses to be attended in their university studies.
The course is delivered through lectures and numerical exercises lessons. We also carry out various laboratory exercises whose attendance is mandatory. The teaching materials used are mostly reported in the Aulaweb site.
Introduction. Homogeneous and heterogeneous systems. Pure substances and solutions. Atoms and molecules. Geometrical lattices, atomic number, atomic and molecular mass. Empiric and molecular formulae. Formulae and reactions stoichiometry. Oxidation number. Systematic inorganic chemistry. Reaction types and their balancing.
Atomic structure. Atomic orbitals and their representation. Aufbau rules. Electronic configuration of the elements. Periodic properties.
Chemical bond. Ionic and covalent bond. Octet rule. Valence bond (VB) theory. Hybrid orbitals. VSEPR theory. Intermolecular forces. Chemical equilibrium. Equilibrium constant. Factors influencing chemical equilibrium. Ionic equilibria in aqueous solution. Molecular and ionic solutions, methods to express concentration.
Ionic product of water. Acidity, basicity and related constants. pH and pOH. Acids and bases according to Arrhenius, Brönsted and Lewis. pH calculation for strong and weak acids and bases. Hydrolysis of salts. Acid-base titrations.
Heterogeneous equilibria in aqueous solution: solubility and solubility product. States of aggregation. Experimental laws for the gases. Vapor pressure. Phase transitions and phase diagrams.
Solutions. Raoult law and deviations from it. Cryoscopy, ebullioscopy and osmotic pressure. Colligative properties and deviations from ideality by electrolytes.
Electrochemistry. Batteries. Anode and cathode. Electrodes. Nernst formula. FEM of a cell. Concentration cells. pH meter . Electrolysis. Electrolytes, processes at the electrodes. Faraday's laws.
Chemical kinetics. Reaction rate and related factors. Reaction mechanisms. Theories of collisions and of activated complex. Catalysts
Laboratory: equipment and general techniques. Chemical reactions in aqueous solution. Identification tests of different types. Qualitative analysis.
Not adopting a specific text, but the material used for the lessons is largely reported on Aulaweb. The recommended books for consultation are as follows:
DANIELE MACCIO' (President)
NADIA PARODI
GILDA ZANICCHI
October 1, 2017
GENERAL AND INORGANIC CHEMISTRY+LABORATORY
The exam consists of a written test and an oral interview. Passing the written test is mandatory for access to the oral exam. The final vote takes account of both components.
The written tests take place in the academic holiday, the dates published in the course of study site (www.biotecnologie.unige.it). The oral evidence generally place a few days later, according to the availability of the Committee and the needs of the students. The days of the written test will be indicated in the site www.biotecnologie.unige.it, Through the written test the ability to apply the acquired theoretical concepts is evaluated, while in the oral test the acquisition of theoretical knowledge is examined. Access to the oral test is allowed only to students obtaining a minimum score of 18/30 in written exam. Partecipation to all the laboratory exercises is compulsory to be admitted to the oral exam,
