OVERVIEW

The traching gives the essential elements for understanding of analysis and exploitation of the electromagnetic phenomena. In the first part of the teaching the instruments for static and quasi-static analysis by circuit methods are introduced. In the second part of the teaching the principal application aspects of exploitation of power electromagnetic phenomena are introduced: electrical motors, power electronics and power electrical systems.

AIMS AND CONTENT

LEARNING OUTCOMES

The course is aimed to supply fundamental acquaintances and mathematical instruments for the study and the analysis of the electric circuits in direct current and alternating current domain; basic elements relating to the study of electric machines and electric power systems are also provided.

AIMS AND LEARNING OUTCOMES

At the end of the taching the Students:

• will be able to analyze and solve simple electrical circuits operating in stationary and sinusoidal steady-state;
• will have the skills to justify the analysis techniques developed and the main theorems of Electrical Engineering;
• will be able to discuss and formulate the procedures for analyzing and solving electrical power networks.

PREREQUISITES

There are no specific requirements, anyway the basic knowledge of Mathematical Analysis and Physics are recommended. 

TEACHING METHODS

The teaching mainly develops through frontal lessons with computer and audiovisual aids. Moreover sessions of exercises carried out in classroom are provided. The students who attend the teaching must record themselves to the site AulaWeb, enrolling themselves to the teaching. In such a way they will have access to didactic material, they will receive via e-mail communications of the teacher and they will have access to the results of the written tests.

For the development of the exercises in classroom, 1 hour weekly will be scheduled, in preparation of the practical tests, to leave, indicatively, from the third week of lessons.

Students with valid certifications for Specific Learning Disorders (SLDs), disabilities or other educational needs are invited to contact the teacher and the School's disability liaison at the beginning of teaching to agree on possible teaching arrangements that, while respecting the teaching objectives, take into account individual learning patterns. 

SYLLABUS/CONTENT

Circuits

1. Introduction – Electrical power transmission - Electrical generators, electrical users, Electrical lines.
2. Electromagnetic phenomena: General approach to the solution of the electromagnetic problems - Electric charge - Electrical current - Conductors - Continuity Law - Measure of the electrical current: ammeter - Electric field – Electric Voltage - Measure of the electric voltage: voltmeter.
3. Electrical Conduction:  Ohm’s  and Joule’s Laws  - Electrical resistivity and conductivity - Conductors of generic form - Bipolar resistor - Characterization of a bipolar resistor.
4. Electrical  Generators: Introduction – Behaviors of generators in open circuit - Behavior of generators with loads - Energy balance of generators – Electrical generators types.
5. Bipolar devices and energy balance: Introduction – Equations of bipolar devices – Special bipolar devices  (short circuit and open circuit) – Rate of electrical energy  - Measure of the electrical power: wattmeter.
6. Electrical network Properties: Introduction - Regime of operation (stationary, variable, transitory) - Analysis of the electrical networks - Topology of the networks - Kirchhoff’s  Laws – Network analysis methods.
7. Steady state analysis: Introduction – Bipolar devices connected in series – Series connection of an ideal voltage generator  and a resistor - Resistors in series: equivalent resistance – Bipolar devices connected in parallel - Parallel connection of an ideal current generator and a resistor - Resistors in parallel: equivalent conductance - Network of resistors: equivalence concept - Star-delta transform – Steady-state analysis Methods  - Superposition method – Maxwell’s method  - Network reduction - Substitution Theorem – Thevenin’s transform – Norton’s transform – Millmann’s  Formula – Power matching - Maximum power transfer.
8. Dielectric phenomena – Capacitor : Introduction – Gauss’s Law - Capacitor – Parallel-plate capacitor- Bipolar  capacitor – Capacitor  in steady-state regime  - Capacitor  in transient regime - electrostatic Energy - Series and parallel of capacitors - Displacement current.
9. Magnetic phenomena - Inductor: Introduction - Magnetic materials - Ferromagnetic materials - magnetic Induction - Faraday-Neumann’s Law - Inductors – Inductor coils - Mutual inductors – Bipolar inductors  and two port inductors - Inductors in steady-state regime - Inductors in transient regime - Magnetic energy - Series and parallel of inductors.
10. Sinusoidal steady-state networks: Introduction – Sinusoidal quantities: Phasors and sinusoids – Phasors graphical operations - generalized Ohm’s Law  - Impedance – Sinusoidal steady-state network analysis – Thevenin’s and Norton’s  transforms - Power balance in steady-state sinusoidal regime (average power, reactive power, complex power) - Measuring instruments in a.c.
11. Three-phase network analysis: Introduction - symmetrical three-phase  voltages - Phase and line voltages – Three-phase balanced load – Currents in three-phase networks – Balanced load analysis – Single-phase equivalent - Powers in balanced three-phase systems.
12. Magnetic circuits: Introduction - Reluctance – Ferromagnetic materials - Air gap - Magnetic  circuit’s Laws - Network analysis of magnetic circuits.

Electrical machines and Power Systems

1. Transformers: Single-phase transformers - Equivalent circuit of the transformer – No-load (open-circuit) and short circuit tests – Power transformer on load - Three-phase transformers - Equivalent circuit of the three-phase transformer.
2. Induction machines:  Basic principles of a three-phase induction machine – Action of a three-phase induction machine - Simplified equivalent circuit - Speed-torque Characteristics – Starting of induction motors - Induction machine acting as generator.
3. Synchronous Machines: Constructional features – Basic principles – No-load characteristics of a synchronous machine - Synchronous machine on load - Equivalent circuit of the synchronous machine - Electromechanical behavior
4. Power systems: Production – Transmission and Distribution – HVDC – Safety.
5. Distribution and final users: Low voltage assemblies.

RECOMMENDED READING/BIBLIOGRAPHY

Written support are available on-line on AulaWb site. There are three main folders

• in folder "appunti" pdf copies of teaching slides are available for download .
• in folder "esercitazioni" pdf copies of solved exercises are available for download .
• in folder "risultati delle prove scritte" pdf copies of past written exams are available for download.

It is also useful consulting of following books available from school CBA:

M. Guarnieri, A. Stella: “Principi ed applicazioni di Elettrotecnica (volume primo)”, Edizioni Libreria Progetto Padova.

C. K. Alexander, M.N.O. Sadiku: “Circuiti elettrici”, McGraw-Hill, ISBN 88 386 0853-9.

C. A. Desoer, S. Kuh: “Fondamenti di teoria dei circuiti”, Franco Angeli Editore, Collana di Ingegneria Elettrica.

TEACHERS AND EXAM BOARD

LESSONS

LESSONS START

https://corsi.unige.it/8722/p/studenti-orario

Class schedule

The timetable for this course is available here: Portale EasyAcademy

EXAMS

EXAM DESCRIPTION

The exam requires passing a written test followed by an oral test.

Written Part: two written tests are scheduled during the class period (homework) consisting of one exercise (esch) to be solved in one hour. There are also monthly written tests scheduled during the exam periods (January-February and June-September), consisting of two exercises to be solved in two hours. For each exercise proposed, Students must answer 3 questions, each of which is worth one point, for a total of 6 points on the two exercises. For admission to the oral test, Students are admitted if the total score is ≥ 4 out of 6 (for intermediate written tests their score are  added together). As regards the intermediate written tests, only students attending the course for the first time are admitted.

A positive avaluation of the written tests guarantees admission to the oral tests until the first written test of the following academic year. After this deadline, the written test must be repeated.

Oral Part: the interview of approximately 30 minutes will be on practical examples (exercises) and theoretical topics. During periods of interruption of lessons, registration for the exam sessions with limited places is done through the online procedure of the University, registrations are open starting from the week before that of the chosen exam session. During lesson periods, oral tests are scheduled by appointment, after contacting the teacher, reserved for students who have completed the three-year cycle (students who have already attended the third year of the teaching).

The final score is independent of the one reported in the written test, but takes into account only the Oral Part.

ASSESSMENT METHODS

The written exam will evaluate the ability to solve electrical circuits, whether they are in stationary or sinusoidal regime (single-phase and three-phase). The use of appropriate terminology, the resolution procedure, the clarity of the paper and its presentation will be considered.

The oral exam will verify the ability to critically analyze practical and theoretical aspects to solve electrical circuits. The quality of the presentation, the correct use of specialized vocabulary, the ability to critically reason on the study carried out, the personal reworking of the concepts presented during the lectures will be assessed.

FURTHER INFORMATION

Ask the professor for other information not included in the teaching schedule.