CODE 66904 ACADEMIC YEAR 2022/2023 CREDITS 5 cfu anno 2 BIOTECNOLOGIE 8756 (L-2) - GENOVA SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINARY SECTOR MED/04 LANGUAGE Italian TEACHING LOCATION GENOVA SEMESTER 2° Semester MODULES Questo insegnamento è un modulo di: MICROBIOLOGY, GENERAL PATHOLOGY AND IMMUNOLOGY AND LABORATORY TEACHING MATERIALS AULAWEB OVERVIEW he lessons contained in the course of General Pathology and Immunology are intended to provide a biotechnology student with a general picture of the defense methods implemented by our immune system against etiologic agents and neoplasms. The course also analyzes the pathogenetic mechanisms of inflammatory response and neoplastic transformation. AIMS AND CONTENT LEARNING OUTCOMES In-depth knowledge about the main molecular and cellular mechanisms of the immune response (natural and adaptative) against pathogens and tumors. Knowledge about hypersensitivity reactions and related conditions. AIMS AND LEARNING OUTCOMES The part of General Pathology gives in-depth knowledge on the inflammatory process The concepts of angioflogosis and histoflogosis will be defined and characterized. Important aspects of general oncology will be addressed, such as the definitions of oncogene, tumor marker and metastasis. The classification of tumors on the basis of behavior, histogenesis, grading and staging will be defined. About Immunology, the physiology of the immune system and the peculiar feature of innate and adaptive immune response will be deeply characterized. Finally, some of the principal pathological aspects of immune system will be described. TEACHING METHODS The topics are explained by the teacher through PowerPoint presentations and the lessons are shared on Aula Web. However, it is always recommend the use of a textbook to expand the overall view of the subjects. Exceptionally, the lessons can be carried out remotely in online mode using the Teams platform SYLLABUS/CONTENT MOLECULAR PATHOLOGY General etiology: The main pathogenic effects of radiation and chemicals. The inflammatory process: Definition and causes of angioflogosis Active and passive hyperemia: causes and consequences Inflammatory oedema: causes and different exudates Cellular and plasmatic mediators Histoflogosis: pathogenesis and classification Tissue repair Hints on tuberculosis and syphilis General oncology: Modern definition of neoplasia Cancer cells: atypical morphology, metabolism and behavior The concept of tumor marker Initiation, promotion and progression in carcinogenesis Metastasis: definition and implications of tumor spread Oncogenes: definition of and their mechanisms of activation Hints on genetic predisposition to cancer Causes of cancer: physical, chemical and biological factors Classification of tumors on the basis of: behavior (malignant/benign), histogenesis, grading and staging IMMUNOLOGY The Immune System: Cells and Tissues of the Immune System General features of the Innate and Adaptive Immune response The Innate Immunity Receptors. The Complement System Natural Killer Cells (NK). The Innate Lymphoid Cells (ILC).Dendritic Cells (Myeloid and Plasmacitoid) The Adaptive Immune Response. Clonal selection Theory Origin and maturation of T and B lymphocytes. The Antigen receptors gene rearrangement (Immunoglobulin and T Cell receptors) The Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) . The antigen processing and presentation to T Lymphocytes Activation of T Lymphocytes. Effector mechanisms of Cell mediated Immunity. Cytotoxic and Helper T cells subpopulations B cell activation and Antibody production. The effector mechanisms of Humoral Immunity The Cytokines Immunity to Pathogens: The Hypersensitivity Reactions The immunity to tumors RECOMMENDED READING/BIBLIOGRAPHY Molecular Pathology: G.M. Pontieri, Elementi di patologia generale per i corsi di Laurea in Professioni Sanitarie. III Edizione PICCIN. Immunology: P.Parham, Il sistema Immunitario, EdiSes; AK Abbas, AH Lichtmann, Le basi dell’Immunologia, ELSEVIER. TEACHERS AND EXAM BOARD ROBERTA RICCIARELLI Ricevimento: Students can contact the teacher at this address: ricciarelli@medicina.unige.it CHIARA VITALE Ricevimento: By e-mail : chiara.vitale@unige.it By phone : 010-5558219 Exam Board VINCENZO DI PILATO (President) ROBERTA RICCIARELLI (President) CHIARA VITALE (President) LESSONS LESSONS START Second semester. Class schedule The timetable for this course is available here: Portale EasyAcademy EXAMS EXAM DESCRIPTION The exam takes place orally in the presence of the teachers of the disciplines concerned. The student answering to the questions formulated by the teachers must demonstrate to be able to critically discuss all the topics covered by the application. The exam could be carried in out remotely online mode using the Teams platform. ASSESSMENT METHODS Verification of learning through the oral examination allows students to verify the actual acquisition of the expected learning outcomes. To pass the exam, the student must demonstrate: - to know the etiological bases and the pathogenetic mechanisms of human diseases and to know how to analyze the main cellular and molecular aspects; - understand the different immunological mechanisms involved in the immune response and some of the pathologies responsible for defects in the functioning of the immune system (Hypersensitivity reactions).