LEARNING OUTCOMES

The course aims to provide fundamental chemical knowledge required to describe the structure and behavior of materials and to address the interpretation of natural, environmental and technological processes.

AIMS AND LEARNING OUTCOMES

The course aims to provide students with the ability to understand and critically deal with chemical issues concerning structures and properties of materials and their technological applications, in relation to the atomic structure, types of bonding, thermal effects, reaction rate and spontaneity of chemical reactions, chemical and physical equilibria.

By the end of the course, students should be able to:

describe and exemplify atomic models, atomic, ionic and molecular structures;

describe the characteristic of states of matter;

describe examples of state diagrams;

analyze and solve quantitative problems on stoichiometry, essential thermodynamic, chemical kinetics, electrochemistry and equilibrium composition of reaction mixtures;

interpret the main properties of materials in technological applications and natural processes;

evaluate the behavior of solutes in aqueous solutions;

hypothesize the behavior of a chemical system upon chemical reactions in different conditions, by using the aquired skills.

TEACHING METHODS

lectures, exercises and problem analysis and solving during class hours

SYLLABUS/CONTENT

Fundamentals: the nomenclature of inorganic compounds (oxides, anhydrides, hydroxides, acids, salts),  chemical reactions (double replacement and redox reactions), stoichiometry.

Atomic structure: atomic models, quantum numbers, orbitals, electronic structure of elements. Periodic table and properties. Fundamentals of nuclear chemistry. Chemical bonds: covalent, ionic, metallic bonds, intermolecular forces. An introduction to organic chemistry: hybridization of atomic orbitals in Carbon atom, hydrocarbons (alkanes, alkenes and alkynes), functional groups, polymers.

Gases: the gas laws, ideal and real gases, volume of gases in the chemical reactions. Solids: structures of solids and their properties; metallic, ionic, molecular crystals, network solids.

Fundamentals of Thermodynamics: internal energy and laws of thermodynamics, Enthalpy, Entropy, Gibbs Free Energy and spontaneity of reaction. Chemical equilibria: reaction at equilibrium, the equilibrium constant, Gibbs Free Energy and equilibrium in homogeneous systems, changes in equilibrium. Physical equilibria: phase diagrams. Acids and Bases and aqueous equilibria: pH calculation (strong and weak acids and bases, salt solutions), buffers. Osmotic pressure. Solubility. Chemical kinetic: reaction rate, Arrhenius’s law. Electrochemistry: galvanic cells, electrolytic cells.

RECOMMENDED READING/BIBLIOGRAPHY

Lecture notes. Course material and slides available in Aulaweb.

Bibliography:  M.S.Silberberg, Chimica, McGraw Hill ed.(available in English); P.Atkins, L.Jones, Fondamenti di chimica generale, Zanichelli ed. (also availbale in English);  R.H.Petrucci, W.S.Hartwood, F.G.Herring, Chimica generale, principi e moderne applicazioni, Piccin ed. (available in English).

Exercises: Chimica per Ingegneria (italian).