LEARNING OUTCOMES

The student will have an overall picture of Design principles of ship propulsion plants, ship auxiliary plants and ship safety plants.

AIMS AND LEARNING OUTCOMES

The course aims to present the basics of the design and operation of propulsion and auxiliary systems for the most common types of ships. It provides a basic knowledge of ship propulsion systems for the most common types of ships (cargo, passenger, military, offshore) through the analysis of different components, in particular prime movers, power transmission systems, thrusters. It provides a basic knowledge of ship systems with particular reference to auxiliary propulsion systems, ship safety systems and hull systems. It provides the basis for safe operation of on-board systems and a proper relationship between operation and design. It provides the basic elements for a design methodology for the types of systems covered, and the necessary skills to understand and apply the most relevant regulations (classification regulations, SOLAS, MARPOL).

At the end of the course, the student will be able to describe and understand the operation of a ship's propulsion and auxiliary system, and to carry out a preliminary design according to the applicable regulations.

PREREQUISITES

Knowledge of thermodynamics, technical physics, thermal and electrical machines, naval architecture and hydrodynamics is essential for understanding the teaching content.

TEACHING METHODS

Teaching will consist of lectures, classroom exercises with debriefing and discussion, and educational visits.

SYLLABUS/CONTENT

• Induction to propulsion systems: Purpose, design criteria, the concept of operating profile, the admiralty equation, main elements (engine, transmission, propeller), main types of machinery installed, configurations typically used in real applications.

• The chain of powers

• Diesel engines: Recalls on internal combustion engines, 4-stroke and 2-stroke diesel engines, the different expressions of power of internal combustion engines.

• Exhaust gas turbocharging, low compression ratio turbocharging, sequential turbocharging, engine-turbocharger matching.

• Diesel engine characteristic curves, load diagrams, comparison with TAG and MEP.

• Propeller-engine matching with fixed-pitch propeller: auxiliary variable, hyperbola method and parabola method, marigins, engine selection criteria, choice of gear ratio

• Performance evaluation: maximum and minimum speed, calculation of fuel consumption and range, effect of sea margin on operating point, involuntary speed reduction, axis alternator, qualitative considerations on dynamic manoeuvres.

• The cubic method, MAN methodology for engine selection.

• Hints on propulsion control, fuel injection, common rail.

• Overview of marine fuels.

• The shaft line: layout and main components, structural model and acting loads, dimensioning with direct calculation and classification regulations.

• Energy efficiency

• Introduction to auxiliary systems: classification (ER auxiliaries, safety, hull), principle schemes, functional schemes, detail schemes, applicable regulations: SOLAS, MARPOL, Classification Registers.

• Continuity equation, energy theorem and Bernoulli's theorem, application to a pump, calculation of required circuit head, estimation of contained and distributed losses.

• Pump-circuit matching, cavity check, NPSH, pump flow control, pumps in series and parallel, outlines on dimensional analysis of pumps.

• Heat exchangers, LMTD calculation, sizing, types, estimation of concentrated losses.

• ER systems: Cooling system, SW cooling and central cooling, FWLT and FWHT circuit, main engine lubrication system, Fuel system, engine room ventilation, hints on exhaust gas ducts.

• Safety systems: Safety bilge system, passive fire protection, fire system, deck foam system, notes on sprinkler, watermist, CO2, high expansion foam in ferries.

• Hull systems: ballast system, daily bilge.

• Steering system: rudder, rudder stock sizing, rudder machinery (ram type and vane type), RINA and SOLAS requirements.

• Tanker cargo system, inert gas system.

RECOMMENDED READING/BIBLIOGRAPHY

Material provided by the lecturer on the aulaweb, including notes, course handouts, extracts from standards, project guides and component catalogues.