The course gives students the fundamental elements of pathophysiology, which are essential for the successive comprehension of clinical medical sciences.
Physiopathology is a branch of medicine that combines physiology and pathology especially in the study of altered bodily function in disease. The learning outcome is the knowledge of the main physiopathological mechanisms of organs and systems, in order to recognize the mechanisms and causes of their malfunction, and to be able to interpret the symptoms, which will be exposed to the students in the successive clinical courses
Knowledge of the main physiopathological mechanisms of organs and systems, with particular regard to blood, liver, kidney, respiratory and digestive systems, some aspects of endocrinology and metabolism, and the physiopathology of neoplasms.
basic knowledge in anatomy, histology, biochemistry, immunology, physiology and general pathology
The teaching activities are conducted through lectures with the aid of screen presentations. The teaching material is available in PDF format on AulaWeb, allowing students to learn and deepen their understanding of the topics listed in the course program and required for passing the final exam.
There are no fixed office hours for student consultations, but students can contact the instructors via email to arrange an appointment for further explanations.
Students with Specific Learning Disabilities (SLD), disabilities, or other educational needs are invited to contact the instructor and the disability coordinator of the School at the beginning of the course to agree on any teaching methods that, while respecting the course objectives, take into account individual learning methods.
Hematopoiesis
The hematopoietic and mesenchymal stem cells
Bone marrow transplant / HSC
Erythropoiesis
Anemias. Classification and general considerations
Bone marrow aplasia
B12 and folate deficiency anemia
Thalassemia, Iron deficiency anemia
Auto and alloimmune hemolytic anemias
Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
Hemostasis and bleeding diathesis
Abnormalities of the vascular wall, thrombocytopenia
Alterations of clotting factors
The neoplastic transformation; benign and malignant tumors; metastasis
Local and systemic effects, paraneoplastic syndromes
Molecular basis of cancer
Oncogenes and related neoplastic diseases
Oncosuppressors and related neoplastic diseases
Epidemiology
Risk and prognostic factors, stage, grade
Cancer stem cells (CSCs)
Hematological neoplasms: classification and general considerations
Myeloid neoplasms
Lymphoid neoplasms
Angiogenesis and tumor microenvironment
Anti-tumor immune response
Neoplasm and inflammation
Atherosclerosis
Ischemic heart disease
Rheumatic fever
Hypertension
Heart failure
Renal physiopathology and acute and chronic renal insufficiency and failure. Salts and water balance (in particular water, sodium and potassium balances) Acid-base equilibrium: overview and analysis of respiratory and metabolic disorders of the acid-base balance. Simple and mixed disorders. Diabetes mellitus and its acute and chronic complications Dyslipidemias: lipoprotein metabolism, Fredrickson classification, primary and secondary causes of dyslipidemia. Some examples of alterations of nitrogen metabolism
Thrombosis and Thrombotic Risk
Embolism
Shock: general features and causes
Hypovolemic, Cardiac and Neurogenic Shock
Respiratory System Pathophysiology
Acute and chronic respiratory insufficiencies
Hypoxia, anoxia, cyanosis
COPD and pulmonary emphysema
General characteristics of bronchial asthma
Immunopathology of pulmonary fibrosis
Gastrointestinal system pathophysiology
Main gut pathologies
Immune-mediated intestinal diseases
Liver and biliary tract pathophysiology
Etiopathogenesis of hepatitis, NAFLD, NASH, cirrhosis, hepatocarcinogenesis
Causes of jaundice
Pathophysiology of the immune response
Robbins & Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease, Elsevier
Altucci L. et al, Patologia generale, Ed. Idelson Gnocchi
The didactic material is available in pdf format for download (aulaweb).
The aim of the course is also to familiarize students with online biomedical scientific literature (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed)
Students with SLD, disability or other special educational needs certification are strongly encouraged to contact the teachers at the beginning of the course to agree on teaching methods which, respecting the teaching objectives, take into account individual learning methods and provide suitable compensatory instruments.
Ricevimento: By appointment Cristina.Bottino@unige.it
Ricevimento: For appointments, contact the Professor via email at: Nicola.Traverso@unige.it. The teacher's office is located in the General Pathology Section of DIMES, Via Leon Battista Alberti 2, Room "Ex-direzione", 1st floor, 16132 Genoa Nicola Traverso is the Coordinator of the Integrated Course of Clinical Pathology and Immunohematology
1st semester, 3rd year
The timetable for this course is available here: EasyAcademy
The end-of-course exam aims to evaluate the achievement of the educational objectives of the course. The exams take place on the dates indicated in the calendar. Verification is oral, conducted by two teachers for each student. The grade is assigned as a weighted average. The teachers verify the achievement of the educational objectives by asking diversified questions relating to the programs actually carried out during the lesson hours. When the educational objectives have not been achieved, the student is invited to better verify his knowledge and to take the exam again in its entirety. There are no student reception hours, but students can contact the teachers by email in order to make an appointment for further explanations.
Exam Commission: Proff. Cristina Bottino, Nicola traverso, Guido Ferlazzo
Verification of learning takes place only through the final exam which aims to verify the actual acquisition, by the student, of the expected learning outcomes. In order to pass the exam, with a score of not less than 18/30, the student must demonstrate that they know and connect the topics covered during the course
The following contribute to the final mark expressed out of thirty:
- Ability to deal with the requested topics in a transversal and critical manner;
- Correctness, clarity, synthesis and fluidity of presentation;
- Mastery of the subject;
- Adoption of appropriate terminology
The mark of 30/30 with possible honors will be awarded when the knowledge / skills of the subject are excellent.
Students with SLD or other regularly certified special educational needs will be able to agree on written or oral modalities with the teacher, by contacting the teachers at least 10 days before the exam. They can also take advantage of 30% additional time.
Attendance allows the student to better learn the contents of the course because the teacher provides detailed explanations during the lessons and frames the topics with continuous references to the most current discoveries in the field of the subject. The teaching material is available online (Aulaweb)
